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SBIR/STTR INITIATIVE FOR SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT FOR LONGITUDINAL ANALYSIS OF 
COMPLEX SURVEY DATA

RELEASE DATE:  October 21, 2002

RFA NUMBER: AA-03-006

National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA)
 (http://www.niaaa.nih.gov)

Letter of Intent Receipt Date: December 24, 2002  

Application Receipt Date: January 24, 2003

THIS RFA CONTAINS THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION

o Purpose of this RFA
o Research Objectives
o Mechanism of Support
o Mechanism Objectives
o Funds Available
o Eligible Institutions
o Individuals Eligible to Become Principal Investigators
o Where to Send Inquiries
o Letter of Intent
o Submitting an Application
o Peer Review Process
o Review Criteria 
o Receipt and Review Schedule
o Award Criteria
o Required Federal Citations

o PURPOSE

This Request for Applications (RFA) invites grant applications for Small 
Business Innovation Research (SBIR) and Small Business Technology Transfer 
Research (STTR) projects on software development for longitudinal analysis of 
complex survey data. 

o RESEARCH OBJECTIVES

Background

Research studies in the alcohol field are concerned with the causes and 
consequences of alcohol abuse and dependence and their associated physical 
and mental disabilities with a view towards diagnosis, treatment and 
prevention.  Because of the recent attention to the importance of gene-
environment interactions, more and more research will begin to focus on the 
iterative process of longitudinal development to explain the initiation, 
continuation, stability, and remission of alcohol use disorders and their 
associated disabilities.  Comprehensive software packages are currently 
limited relative to the complexity of developmental theories that must be 
tested.

Research Topics

Despite recent advances made in developing software programs for longitudinal 
latent and observed variable structural modeling, very little has been 
accomplished in this research arena regarding modeling with complex sample 
data.  Currently there is no comprehensive statistical software package that 
allows such modeling that takes into account sampling weights, stratification 
and clustering while at the same time allowing for these observed variables 
to be either categorical, continuous, or a combinations of both.  Moreover, 
there is no currently available comprehensive statistical package that allows 
for the longitudinal analysis of complex survey data for the variety of 
models necessary for the analysis of alcohol-related longitudinal data (e.g., 
linear, probit and logistic regression, survival analysis [continuous and 
discrete-time allowing for time-varying covariates], path analysis, 
exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, growth modeling, growth mixture 
modeling, multilevel modeling, linear and nonlinear growth modeling, and 
combinations and variants of these models).

o MECHANISM OF SUPPORT   PHASE I

Phase I applications in response to this RFA will be funded as Phase I SBIR 
grants (R43) or STTR grants (R41) with modifications as described below. 
Responsibility for the planning, direction, and execution of the proposed 
research will be solely that of the applicant.  Applications for Phase I 
grants should be prepared using the PHS 398 instructions and forms: 
http://grants.nih.gov/grants/funding/phs398/phs398.html.  Please refer to 
Chapter VI of the PHS 398 instructions prior to preparing an SBIR or STTR 
application.  PHS 398 forms specific to SBIR and STTR applications are 
available.  See 
http://grants.nih.gov/grants/funding/phs398/398_SBIRSTTRforms.doc.

Project Period and Amount of Award

The duration and cost of research for Phase I applications under this RFA 
will be six months and a total cost of $100,000.

Consultant and Contractual Costs

Because the resources required for developing data analysis systems are 
relatively scarce, highly specialized, and multidisciplinary, the total 
amount of consultant costs and contractual costs requested by applicants may 
exceed the statutory guidelines.  Requests in excess of the guidelines must 
be fully justified. 

o MECHANISM OF SUPPORT - PHASE II

Phase II applications in response to this RFA will be awarded as Phase II 
SBIR grants (R44) or STTR grants (R42) with modifications as described below.  
Phase II applications in response to this RFA will only be accepted as 
competing continuations of previously funded NIH Phase I SBIR awards.  The 
previously funded Phase I award need not have been awarded under this RFA but 
the Phase II proposal must be a logical extension of the Phase I research.

Applications for Phase II awards should be prepared using the PHS 398 
instructions and forms:
http://grants.nih.gov/grants/funding/phs398/phs398.html.  Please refer to 
Chapter VI of the PHS 398 instructions prior to preparing an SBIR 
application.  PHS 398 forms specific to SBIR applications are available.  See 
http://grants.nih.gov/grants/funding/phs398/398_SBIRSTTRforms.doc.

Project Period and Amount of Award

The guideline duration and cost of research for Phase II is two years and a 
total cost of $750,000.

Consultant and Contractual Costs

Because the resources required for data analysis systems are relatively 
scarce, highly specialized, and multidisciplinary, the total amount of 
consultant costs and contractual costs requested by applicants may exceed the 
statutory guidelines.  Requests in excess of the guidelines must be fully 
justified.

The Fast-Track initiative can be utilized under this RFA. Applications for 
Fast Track SBIR grants should be prepared following the instructions for 
Phase I and Phase II applications at 
http://grants.nih.gov/grants/funding/phs398/phs398.html, and the additional 
instructions at 
http://grants.nih.gov/grants/funding/sbirsttr1/sbirsttrft-rs.pdf.

This RFA uses just-in-time concepts.  It also uses the modular budgeting 
format. (see http://grants.nih.gov/grants/funding/modular/modular.htm).   
Specifically, if you are submitting an application with direct costs in each 
year of $250,000 or less, use the small business variation of modular format.

o MECHANISM OBJECTIVES

The SBIR program consists of the following three phases:

Phase I

The objective of Phase I is to establish the technical merit and feasibility 
of the proposed research, or research and development efforts, and to 
determine the quality of performance of the small business grantee 
organization prior to providing further federal support in Phase II.

Phase II

The objective of this phase is to continue the research or research and 
development efforts initiated in Phase I.

Phase III

The objective of this phase, where appropriate, is for the small business 
concern to pursue the commercialization of the results of the research or 
research and development funded in Phases I and II.  Phase III occurs without 
SBIR funding.

o FUNDS AVAILABLE 
 
NIAAA intends to commit approximately $500,000 in FY 2003 to fund 3 to 5 new 
SBIR or STTR grants in response to this RFA. Although the financial plans of 
NIAAA provide support for this program, awards pursuant to this RFA are 
contingent upon the availability of funds and the receipt of a sufficient 
number of meritorious applications. At this time, it is not known if this RFA 
will be reissued.

o ELIGIBLE INSTITUTIONS

Small business concerns are eligible to submit (an) application(s).
A small business concern is one that, on the date of award for both Phase I 
and Phase II agreements, meets ALL of the following criteria:
1.    is organized for profit, with a place of business located in the United 
States, which operates primarily within the United States or which makes a 
significant contribution to the United States economy through payment of 
taxes or use of American products, materials or labor; 
2. is in the legal form of an individual proprietorship, partnership, limited 
liability company, corporation, joint venture, association, trust or 
cooperative, except that where the form is a joint venture (as defined in this 
section) there can be no more than 49 percent  participation by foreign 
business entities in the joint venture;

3. is at least 51 percent owned and controlled by one or more individuals who 
are citizens of, or permanent resident aliens in, the United States; has, 
including its affiliates, not more than 500 employees, and meets the other 
regulatory requirements found in 13 CFR Part 121.  Business concerns, other 
than investment companies licensed, or state development companies qualifying 
under the Small Business Investment Act of 1958, 15 U.S.C. 661, et seq., are 
affiliates of one another when either directly or indirectly, (a) one concern 
controls or has the power to control the other; or (b) a third-party/parties 
controls or has the power to control both. Control can be exercised through 
common ownership, common management, and contractual relationships.  The term 
"affiliates" is defined in greater detail in 13 CFR 121.3-2(a).  The term 
"number of employees" is defined in 13 CFR 121.3-2(t).

Business concerns include, but are not limited to, any individual (sole 
proprietorship), partnership, corporation, joint venture, association, or 
cooperative.  Further information may be obtained by contacting the Small 
Business Administration Size District Office at http://www.sba.gov/size/. 
 
o INDIVIDUALS ELIGIBLE TO BECOME PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATORS

Any individual with the skills, knowledge, and resources necessary to carry 
out the proposed research is invited to work with their organization to 
develop an application for support.  Individuals from underrepresented racial 
and ethnic groups as well as individuals with disabilities are always 
encouraged to apply for NIH programs.  The primary employment of the PI must 
be with the small business concern at the time of award and during the 
conduct of the proposed project.  Primary employment means that more than one 
half of the PI's time is spent in the employ of the small business concern.  
Primary employment with a small business concern precludes full-time 
employment at another organization.

o WHERE TO SEND INQUIRIES

We encourage inquiries concerning this RFA and welcome the opportunity to 
answer questions from potential applicants.  Inquiries may fall into three 
areas:  scientific/research, peer review, and financial or grants management 
issues:

Direct your questions about scientific/research issues to:

Bridget Grant, Ph.D.
Biometry Branch
National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism
6000 Executive Blvd., Suite 514
Bethesda, MD  20892-7003
Telephone: (301) 443-7370
Fax: (301) 443-8614 
Email: [email protected]

Direct your questions about peer review issues to:

Eugene G. Hayunga, Ph.D.
Chief, Extramural Project Review Branch
Office of Scientific Affairs 
National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism 
6000 Executive Boulevard, Room 409, MSC 7003 
Bethesda, MD 20892-7003 
Rockville, MD 20852 (for express/courier service) 
Telephone: (301) 443-4375
FAX: (301) 443-6077 

Direct your questions about financial or grants management matters to:

Judy Fox Simons
Chief, Grants Management Branch
Office of Planning and Resource Management
National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism
Willco Building, Suite 504
6000 Executive Boulevard, MSC 7003
Bethesda, MD 20892-7003
(301) 443-4704 (telephone)
(301) 443-3891 (fax)
email:  [email protected]

o LETTER OF INTENT
 
Prospective applicants are asked to submit a letter of intent by that 
includes the following information:

- Descriptive title of the proposed research
- Name, address, and telephone number of the Principal Investigator
- Names of other key personnel 
- Participating institutions
- Number and title of this RFA 

Although a letter of intent is not required, is not binding, and does not 
enter into the review of a subsequent application, the information that it 
contains allows IC staff to estimate the potential review workload and plan 
the review.

The letter of intent is to be sent by the date listed at the beginning of 
this document.  The letter of intent should be sent to:

RFA-AA-03-006 
Extramural Project Review Branch 
National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism 
6000 Executive Boulevard, Room 409, MSC 7003 
Bethesda, MD 20892-7003 
Rockville, MD 20852 (for express/courier service) 
Telephone: (301) 443-4375 
FAX: (301) 443-6077 

o SUBMITTING AN APPLICATION

Applications must be prepared using the PHS 398 research grant application 
instructions and forms (rev. 5/2001).  The PHS 398 is available at 
http://grants.nih.gov/grants/funding/phs398/phs398.html in an interactive 
format.  Please refer to Chapter VI of the PHS 398 instructions prior to 
preparing a SBIR application.  PHS 398 forms specific to SBIR applications 
are available: 
http://grants.nih.gov/grants/funding/phs398/398_SBIRSTTRforms.doc.  For 
further assistance contact GrantsInfo, Telephone (301) 710-0267, Email: 
[email protected].
  
Using the RFA Label 

The RFA label available in the PHS 398 (rev. 5/2001) application form must be 
affixed to the bottom of the face page of the application.  Type the RFA 
number on the label.  Failure to use this label could result in delayed 
processing of the application such that it may not reach the review committee 
in time for review.  In addition, the RFA title and number must be typed on 
line 2 of the face page of the application form and the YES box must be 
marked. The RFA label is also available at 
http://grants.nih.gov/grants/funding/phs398/label-bk.pdf.
 
Sending an Application to the NIH 

Submit a signed, typewritten original of the application, including the 
Checklist, and three signed, photocopies, in one package to:
 
Center for Scientific Review
National Institutes of Health
6701 Rockledge Drive, Room 1040, MSC 7710
Bethesda, MD  20892-7710
Bethesda, MD  20817 (for express/courier service)

At the time of submission, two additional copies of the application must be 
sent to:

AA-03-006
Extramural Project Review Branch
Office of Scientific Affairs
National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism
6000 Executive Blvd., Suite 409
Bethesda, 20892-7003
Telephone: (301) 443-4375
Fax: (301) 443-6077

Application Processing

Applications must be received by the application receipt date listed in the 
heading of this RFA.  If an application is received after that date, it will 
be returned to the applicant without review.
 
The Center for Scientific Review (CSR) will not accept any application in 
response to this RFA that is essentially the same as one currently pending 
initial review, unless the applicant withdraws the pending application.  The 
CSR will not accept any application that is essentially the same as one 
already reviewed. This does not preclude the submission of substantial 
revisions of applications already reviewed, but such applications must 
include an Introduction addressing the previous critique.

PEER REVIEW PROCESS

Upon receipt, applications will be reviewed for completeness by the CSR and 
responsiveness by the NIAAA.  Incomplete and/or non-responsive applications 
will be returned to the applicant without further consideration.

An appropriate peer review group convened by NIAAA in accordance with the 
review criteria stated below will evaluate applications that are complete and 
responsive to the RFA for scientific and technical merit.  As part of the 
initial merit review, all applications will:

- Receive a written critique
- Undergo a process in which only those applications deemed to have the 
highest scientific merit, generally the top half of the applications under 
review, will be discussed and assigned a priority score
- Receive a second level review by the NIAAA National Advisory Council.

o REVIEW CRITERIA

The goals of NIH-supported research are to advance our understanding of 
biological systems, improve the control of disease, and enhance health.  In 
the written comments, reviewers will be asked to discuss the following 
aspects of your application in order to judge the likelihood that the 
proposed research will have a substantial impact on the pursuit of these 
goals: 

Significance 
Approach 
Innovation
Investigator
Environment
  
The scientific review group will address and consider each of these criteria 
in assigning your application's overall score, weighting them as appropriate 
for each application.  Your application does not need to be strong in all 
categories to be judged likely to have major scientific impact and thus 
deserve a high priority score.  For example, you may propose to carry out 
important work that by its nature is not innovative but is essential to move 
a field forward.
Review criteria for all SBIR/STTR applications:

1. Significance
- Does the proposed project have commercial potential to lead to a marketable 
product or process? Does this study address an important problem? 
- What may be the anticipated commercial and societal benefits of the proposed 
activity? 
- If the aims of the application are achieved, how will scientific knowledge 
be advanced? 
- Does the proposal lead to enabling technologies (e.g., instrumentation, 
software) for further discoveries? 
-Will the technology have a competitive advantage over existing/alternate 
technologies that can meet the market needs?
 
2. Approach
- Are the conceptual framework, design, methods, and analyses adequately 
developed, well-integrated, and appropriate to the aims of the project? 
- Is the proposed plan a sound approach for establishing technical and 
commercial feasibility? 
- Does the applicant acknowledge potential problem areas and consider 
alternative strategies? 
- Are the milestones and evaluation procedures appropriate?
 
3. Innovation
- Does the project challenge existing paradigms or employ novel technologies, 
approaches or methodologies? 
- Are the aims original and innovative? 

4. Investigators
- Is the Principal Investigator capable of coordinating and managing the 
proposed SBIR/STTR? 
- Is the work proposed appropriate to the experience level of the Principal 
Investigator and other researchers, including consultants and subcontractors 
(if any)? 
- Are the relationships of the key personnel to the small business and to 
other institutions appropriate for the work proposed?

5. Environment
- Is there sufficient access to resources (e.g., equipment, facilities)? 
- Does the scientific and technological environment in which the work will be 
done contribute to the probability of success? 
- Do the proposed experiments take advantage of unique features of the 
scientific environment or employ useful collaborative arrangements?
 
Review criteria for Phase II applications:

- How well did the applicant demonstrate progress toward meeting the Phase I 
objectives, demonstrating feasibility, and providing a solid foundation for 
the proposed Phase II activity? 
- Did the applicant submit a concise Product Development Plan that adequately 
addresses the four areas described in the Research Plan item J? 
- Does the project carry a high degree of commercial potential, as described 
in the Product Development Plan? 

Review criteria for Phase I/Phase II Fast Track applications:

- Does the Phase I application specify clear, appropriate, measurable goals 
(milestones) that should be achieved prior to initiating Phase II? 
- Did the applicant submit a concise Product Development Plan that adequately 
addresses the four areas described in the Research Plan, item J? 
- To what extent was the applicant able to obtain letters of interest, 
additional funding commitments, and/or resources from the private sector or 
non-SBIR/ STTR funding sources that would enhance the likelihood for 
commercialization? 
- Does the project carry a high degree of commercial potential, as described 
in the Product Development Plan?

Phase I and Phase II Fast-Track applications that satisfy all of the review 
criteria will receive a single rating. Failure to provide clear, measurable 
goals may be sufficient reason for the scientific review group to exclude the 
Phase II application from Fast-Track review.

ADDITIONAL REVIEW CRITERIA: 

In addition to the above criteria, your application will also be reviewed 
with respect to the following:

PROTECTIONS:  The adequacy of the proposed protection for humans, animals, or 
the environment, to the extent they may be adversely affected by the project 
proposed in the application.

INCLUSION:  The adequacy of plans to include subjects from both genders, all 
racial and ethnic groups (and subgroups), and children as appropriate for the 
scientific goals of the research.  Plans for the recruitment and retention of 
subjects will also be evaluated. (See Inclusion Criteria included in the 
section on Federal Citations, below)

DATA SHARING:  The adequacy of the proposed plan to share data. 

BUDGET:  The reasonableness of the proposed budget and the requested period 
of support in relation to the proposed research.

o RECEIPT AND REVIEW SCHEDULE 

Letter of Intent Receipt Date: December 24, 2002  
Application Receipt Date: January 24, 2003  
Peer Review Date: March-April 2003 
Council Review: June 4, 2003  
Earliest Anticipated Start Date: July 1, 2003  

o AWARD CRITERIA 

Award criteria that will be used to make award decisions include: 

Scientific merit (as determined by peer review) 
Availability of funds Programmatic priorities 
Commercialization potential 

Applications will compete for available funds with all other favorably 
recommended SBIR applications. Note that applicants may achieve all Phase I 
goals and milestones and still not receive Phase II funding. 

o REQUIRED FEDERAL CITATIONS 

MONITORING PLAN AND DATA SAFETY AND MONITORING BOARD: Research components 
involving Phase I and II clinical trials must include provisions for 
assessment of patient eligibility and status, rigorous data management, 
quality assurance, and auditing procedures.  In addition, it is NIH policy 
that all clinical trials require data and safety monitoring, with the method 
and degree of monitoring being commensurate with the risks (NIH Policy for 
Data Safety and Monitoring, NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts, June 12, 
1998: http://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/notice-files/not98-084.html).  

INCLUSION OF WOMEN AND MINORITIES IN CLINICAL RESEARCH: It is the policy of 
the NIH that women and members of minority groups and their sub-populations 
must be included in all NIH-supported clinical research projects unless a 
clear and compelling justification is provided indicating that inclusion is 
inappropriate with respect to the health of the subjects or the purpose of the 
research. This policy results from the NIH Revitalization Act of 1993 (Section 
492B of Public Law 103-43).

All investigators proposing clinical research should read the AMENDMENT "NIH 
Guidelines for Inclusion of Women and Minorities as Subjects in Clinical 
Research - Amended, October, 2001," published in the NIH Guide for Grants and 
Contracts on October 9, 2001 
(http://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/notice-files/NOT-OD-02-001.html); a complete 
copy of the updated Guidelines are available at 
http://grants.nih.gov/grants/funding/women_min/guidelines_amended_10_2001.htm   
The amended policy incorporates: the use of an NIH definition of clinical 
research; updated racial and ethnic categories in compliance with the new OMB 
standards; clarification of language governing NIH-defined Phase III clinical 
trials consistent with the new PHS Form 398; and updated roles and 
responsibilities of NIH staff and the extramural community.  The policy 
continues to require for all NIH-defined Phase III clinical trials that: a) 
all applications or proposals and/or protocols must provide a description of 
plans to conduct analyses, as appropriate, to address differences by 
sex/gender and/or racial/ethnic groups, including subgroups if applicable; 
and b) investigators must report annual accrual and progress in conducting 
analyses, as appropriate, by sex/gender and/or racial/ethnic group 
differences.

INCLUSION OF CHILDREN AS PARTICIPANTS IN RESEARCH INVOLVING HUMAN SUBJECTS: 
The NIH maintains a policy that children (i.e., individuals under the age of 
21) must be included in all human subjects research, conducted or supported 
by the NIH, unless there are scientific and ethical reasons not to include 
them. This policy applies to all initial (Type 1) applications submitted for 
receipt dates after October 1, 1998.

All investigators proposing research involving human subjects should read the 
"NIH Policy and Guidelines" on the inclusion of children as participants in 
research involving human subjects that is available at 
http://grants.nih.gov/grants/funding/children/children.htm. 

REQUIRED EDUCATION ON THE PROTECTION OF HUMAN SUBJECT PARTICIPANTS: NIH policy 
requires education on the protection of human subject participants for all 
investigators submitting NIH proposals for research involving human subjects.  
You will find this policy announcement in the NIH Guide for Grants and 
Contracts Announcement, dated June 5, 2000, at 
http://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/notice-files/NOT-OD-00-039.html.

PUBLIC ACCESS TO RESEARCH DATA THROUGH THE FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT: The 
Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Circular A-110 has been revised to 
provide public access to research data through the Freedom of Information Act 
(FOIA) under some circumstances.  Data that are (1) first produced in a 
project that is supported in whole or in part with Federal funds and (2) cited 
publicly and officially by a Federal agency in support of an action that has 
the force and effect of law (i.e., a regulation) may be accessed through FOIA.  
It is important for applicants to understand the basic scope of this 
amendment.  NIH has provided guidance at 
http://grants.nih.gov/grants/policy/a110/a110_guidance_dec1999.htm.

Applicants may wish to place data collected under this PA in a public 
archive, which can provide protections for the data and manage the 
distribution for an indefinite period of time.  If so, the application should 
include a description of the archiving plan in the study design and include 
information about this in the budget justification section of the 
application. In addition, applicants should think about how to structure 
informed consent statements and other human subjects procedures given the 
potential for wider use of data collected under this award.

URLs IN NIH GRANT APPLICATIONS OR APPENDICES: All applications and proposals 
for NIH funding must be self-contained within specified page limitations. 
Unless otherwise specified in an NIH solicitation, Internet addresses (URLs) 
should not be used to provide information necessary to the review because 
reviewers are under no obligation to view the Internet sites.   Furthermore, 
we caution reviewers that their anonymity may be compromised when they 
directly access an Internet site.

HEALTHY PEOPLE 2010: The Public Health Service (PHS) is committed to achieving 
the health promotion and disease prevention objectives of "Healthy People 
2010," a PHS-led national activity for setting priority areas. This RFA is 
related to one or more of the priority areas. Potential applicants may obtain 
a copy of "Healthy People 2010" at http://www.health.gov/healthypeople.

AUTHORITY AND REGULATIONS: This program is described in the Catalog of 
Federal Domestic Assistance No. 93.273, and is not subject to the 
intergovernmental review requirements of Executive Order 12372 or Health 
Systems Agency review.  Awards are made under authorization of Sections 301 
and 405 of the Public Health Service Act as amended (42 USC 241 and 284) and 
administered under NIH grants policies described at 
http://grants.nih.gov/grants/policy/policy.htm and under Federal Regulations 
42 CFR 52 and 45 CFR Parts 74 and 92.

The PHS strongly encourages all grant recipients to provide a smoke-free 
workplace and discourage the use of all tobacco products.  In addition, 
Public Law 103-227, the Pro-Children Act of 1994, prohibits smoking in 
certain facilities (or in some cases, any portion of a facility) in which 
regular or routine education, library, day care, health care, or early 
childhood development services are provided to children.  This is consistent 
with the PHS mission to protect and advance the physical and mental health of 
the American people.



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