EXPIRED
A CENTRAL DATABASE OF PROTEIN SEQUENCE AND FUNCTION RELEASE DATE: February 21, 2002 RFA: RFA-HG-02-001 PARTICIPATING INSTITUTES AND CENTERS (ICs): National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI; http://www.nhgri.nih.gov/) National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS; http://www.nigms.nih.gov/) National Library of Medicine (NLM; http://www.nlm.nih.gov) National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH; http://www.nimh.nih.gov/) National Center for Research Resources (NCRR; http://www.ncrr.nih.gov) National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR; http://www.nidcr.nih.gov) LETTER OF INTENT RECEIPT DATE: March 19, 2002 APPLICATION RECEIPT DATE: April 19, 2002 THIS RFA CONTAINS THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION o Purpose of this RFA o Research Objectives o Mechanism of Support o Funds Available o Eligible Institutions o Individuals Eligible to become Principal Investigators o Special Requirements o Where to send Inquiries o Letter of Intent o Submitting an Application o Peer Review Process o Review Criteria o Receipt and Review Schedule o Award Criteria o Required Federal Citations: PURPOSE OF THIS RFA The National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), the National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS), the National Library of Medicine (NLM), the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), the National Center for Research Resources (NCRR), and the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR) jointly request applications to develop and maintain a central protein database (hereafter called "Database"). This Database will serve as a repository of curated protein sequences and will provide high quality annotation of both sequence and functional information. This Database will allow many types of queries of the data and will coordinate with databases containing complementary data to facilitate queries across the databases. This Database is necessary to allow biologists to use the enormous amount of data from the Human Genome Project and from structural and functional genomics projects to understand human disease. RESEARCH OBJECTIVES Background With the recent accumulation of genome sequences for many organisms, most notably the draft human sequence, attention is now turning to the identification and function of proteins encoded by these genomes. At a basic level, scientists need a database of all proteins encoded by the genome of an organism to understand how these proteins function in making up a living cell. However, the ability to use genome sequence to identify proteins and to understand protein function is complicated by several factors. The number of different functional proteins often exceeds the number of genes due to the generation of protein isoforms by alternative RNA processing. Also, covalent modification of proteins results in changes in protein function and stability. An increasing amount of effort is going into the identification of all of the different proteins in cells and the comprehensive study of protein interactions, modifications, and functions, defining the field of proteomics. This effort is in part driven by the new information provided by the genome projects, and by technological advances in protein science. Thus, techniques such as the yeast two-hybrid interaction screen and improved mass spectrometric methods have enabled scientists to address new questions about how proteins work and the composition of the molecular machines that perform the functions in a cell. In addition, the Structural Genomics Initiatives (http://www.nigms.nih.gov/funding/psi.html) from NIGMS will generate new protein structural information that also will be important for understanding protein function. With the increasing volume and variety of protein sequences and functional information, a central database of protein sequence and function will provide a cornerstone for the field of proteomics. In the future, proteomics will have an important role in the study and treatment of human disease. Many Institutes and Centers (ICs) at the NIH consider proteomics to be important for the realization of their goals. For basic research, proteomics is a resource for use in model systems to understand how cells and tissues function and to define regulatory networks of proteins within cells. For the discovery of the causes of different diseases, proteomics provides a tool to investigate the precise molecular defect in diseased tissues. For diagnosing disease states, proteomics helps develop reagents to precisely define the molecular characteristics of a particular disease. Finally, for drug discovery, proteomics is a tool to identify new drug targets and to develop assays for new drugs. With these goals in mind, a central database of protein sequence and function is needed as a resource to support proteomics. Currently, several databases exist with different coverage of protein sequences and with various types of information annotated. A central resource is necessary to ensure that scientists receive rich and non- redundant information at a single location. Objectives and scope The Database funded by this RFA is expected to be a stable resource that will enable a broad range of scientists to use the large amount of information becoming available about proteins and their functions. The Database should provide a comprehensive resource of information concerning the protein products of genes. The interface must be simple and easy to understand while the output should allow easy access to different levels of information. This output should include Web-based links to other databases to facilitate the rapid exploration of additional information. The Database should provide tools to facilitate the identification and analyses of many genes and their products. These tools should include methods for complex queries and for retrieval of datasets for later analysis. A central database of protein sequence and function should have the following features, which applicants should address in their applications: o The Database should be curated, accurate, stable, and comprehensive. o The Database must be flexible, adaptable, and responsive to the changing needs of the scientific community. o The application should describe the strategy for deciding which protein sequences will be annotated and which types of information will be included. o The Database should include information on protein sequences, nomenclature, isoforms translated from alternatively-spliced RNAs, computer-predicted and experimentally-determined covalent modifications, homology and paralogy relationships, domain identification, and protein family classifications. o Additional information on gene function should be included, such as potential protein interactions, expression patterns, and pathways. New data types should be incorporated as they arise. o The data should be annotated using widely accepted biological ontologies, such as those provided by the Gene Ontology Consortium. o Annotation methods should include computational analyses and extraction of information from the literature. o The types of evidence and methods for the annotation along with attribution of their source should be included for all data. o The quality of the data should be clearly indicated, for both experimental and computational data. o For protein sequence data, the original source of the sequence should be indicated. All protein sequences obtained by conceptual translation of DNA must refer to the accession and version number of a GenBank or RefSeq entry, must provide specific coordinates for translation as well as a reading frame if this is partial, and must also refer to the proper genetic code for this gene. If the protein sequence is different from the above-specified translation(i.e., translation exception information), then computable instructions for the proper additional transformation must also be provided. o When publications are cited, the PubMed ID should be provided, if available, along with a link to the PubMed reference. o The schema used by the Database should be described along with the capacity of the Database to expand to accommodate an increase in database entries and types of information. The schema should be provided on the Database Web site. o The Database should be easily accessible with multiple methods of querying, including simple Web interfaces for common standard queries and tools for more complex queries. o All information in database records must be in an explicitly defined, parsable format such as XML conforming to a Document Type Definition (DTD). o The application should include information on how efficient and unencumbered access to the Database will be maintained. A method of freely downloading large datasets from the Database should be included, so that users can acquire and analyze all or large parts of the data. o The Database should include a user support service to provide consultation and technical assistance in the use of the Database. o The Database should develop methods to speed up the annotation process and to incorporate large datasets. o The Database must coordinate with related databases, including agreeing on controlled vocabularies and common data exchange formats. The output should include links to information in related databases. o The application should provide specific plans on operating in a cost-effective manner. o The application should discuss how the Database will set priorities to accomplish the requirements above within the limitations of the proposed budget. Applicants should explain how the projects to be supported by this award will coordinate with related projects supported by other funding. o The Database should release new data to the public in a timely manner. The application should describe the plans for the release of data and schema to the user community. o At the end of the funding period, if the award is not renewed, all data accumulated during the award shall be provided to groups chosen by NHGRI. MECHANISM OF SUPPORT This RFA will use the NIH U01 award mechanism. As an applicant you will be solely responsible for planning, directing, and executing the proposed project. This RFA is a one-time solicitation. Future unsolicited, competing-continuation applications based on this project will compete with all investigator-initiated applications and will be reviewed according to the customary peer review procedures. The earliest anticipated award date is September 20, 2002. The NIH U01 is a cooperative agreement award mechanism in which the Principal Investigator retains the primary responsibility and dominant role for planning, directing, and executing the proposed project, with NIH staff being substantially involved as a partner with the Principal Investigator, as described under the section "Cooperative Agreement Terms and Conditions of Award". FUNDS AVAILABLE The participating ICs intends to commit approximately $5.0 million in FY 2002 to fund a single new grant in response to this RFA. An applicant may request a project period of up to 3 years and a budget for direct costs of up to $4.5 million per year. Although the financial plans of the ICs provide support for this program, awards pursuant to this RFA are contingent upon the availability of funds. ELIGIBLE INSTITUTIONS You may submit an application if your institution has any of the following characteristics: o For-profit or non-profit organizations o Public or private institutions, such as universities, colleges, hospitals, and laboratories o Units of State and local governments o Eligible agencies of the Federal government o Domestic or foreign INDIVIDUALS ELIGIBLE TO BECOME PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATORS Any individual with the skills, knowledge, and resources necessary to carry out the proposed research is invited to work with his or her institution to develop an application for support. Individuals from underrepresented racial and ethnic groups as well as individuals with disabilities are always encouraged to apply for NIH programs. SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS FOR COOPERATIVE AGREEMENTS Cooperative Agreement Terms and Conditions of Award The following terms and conditions will be incorporated into the award statement of the cooperative agreement awarded under RFA HG-02-001 and will be provided to the Principal Investigator, as well as the appropriate institutional official, at the time of award. The following special terms of award are in addition to, and not in lieu of, otherwise applicable OMB administrative guidelines, DHHS grant administration regulations at 45 CFR Parts 74 and 92 [Part 92 are applicable when State and local Governments are eligible to apply], as are other DHHS, NIH, and NHGRI grant administration policies: (1) The administrative and funding instrument used for this program will be the Cooperative Agreement (U01). The cooperative agreement is an "assistance" mechanism (rather than an "acquisition" mechanism), in which substantial NIH scientific and programmatic involvement by NHGRI program staff with the awardee is anticipated during the performance of the activity. Under the Cooperative Agreement, the NIH purpose is to support or stimulate the recipient's activity by involvement in and otherwise working jointly with the award recipient in a partner role, but it is not to assume direction, prime responsibility, or a dominant role in the activity. Consistent with this concept, the dominant role and prime responsibility for the Database as a whole will reside with the awardee, although specific tasks and activities in carrying out the project will be shared among the awardee and the NHGRI Program Director. (2) P.I. Rights and Responsibilities: The P.I., the person who assembles the project, will have the primary responsibility for defining the details of the Database within the guidelines of RFA HG-02-001 and for performing the scientific activities. The P.I. will agree to accept close coordination, cooperation, and participation of NHGRI staff in those aspects of scientific and technical management of the project as described under "NHGRI Program Staff Responsibilities." The P.I. of Database will: o Determine database schema, develop data acquisition procedures, set curatorial standards for annotation, and set project milestones; o Ensure that the Database meets the quality standards and costs agreed upon at the time of award; o Ensure that the data accumulated under the Database are made publicly available and that procedures to allow the downloading of large datasets are available; o Coordinate and collaborate with other U.S. and international groups managing related databases; o Attend the meeting of the SAP. (3) NHGRI Program Staff Responsibilities: The NHGRI Program Director is a scientist of the NHGRI extramural staff who will provide normal stewardship of the award and, in addition, will have substantial scientific and programmatic involvement during the conduct of this activity through technical assistance, advice, and coordination. However, the role of NHGRI staff will be to facilitate and not to direct the activities. It is anticipated that decisions in all activities will be reached by consensus between the Principal Investigator and NHGRI staff. The Program Director will have the following substantial involvement: o Serve as liaison, helping to coordinate activities for the awardee, including acting as a liaison to the NHGRI and the other ICs of the NIH, and as an information resource about extramural research activities; o Coordinate the efforts of the Database with other model organism databases and the Gene Ontology Consortium; o Periodically report on the progress of the Database to the NHGRI Director and other interested NIH ICs; o Assist in promoting the use of the Database resources developed in the course of this project to the scientific community at large; o Consult with program staff of other participating ICs on the direction of the Database. (4) Collaborative Responsibilities The awardee and NHGRI Program Director together will be responsible for: o Evaluating progress in meeting the research community's need for a comprehensive database of protein sequence and function; (5) Scientific Advisory Panel (SAP) The SAP is a panel that evaluates the progress of the Database and reports to the Director of NHGRI. The Advisory Panel is composed of four to eight senior scientists including experts in database methodology, researchers from related databases, and users of the Database. The membership of the SAP may be enlarged permanently, or on an ad hoc basis, as needed. NHGRI director will appoint the members of the SAP and NHGRI program staff will attend meetings. NIH program staff from other participating ICs will attend meetings and provide input based upon their knowledge of other, related NIH-supported research and resource activities. The SAP will be responsible for evaluating the progress of the Database and its coordination with other related databases. The SAP will evaluate the Database on the content and quality of the data, the flexibility of the query system, the presentation of the Web site, the availability of large datasets of exported files, and the overall responsiveness to user needs, as well as any other criteria that may arise during this project and are deemed critical by the SAP. At least once a year, the SAP will meet to review the progress of the Database and allow the SAP members to interact directly with the P.I. of the Database. Funds for these meetings should be included in the budget request. Annually, the SAP will make recommendations regarding progress of the Database and present advice about changes, if any, which may be necessary in the Database to the Director of NHGRI. (6) Arbitration Process Any disagreement that may arise on scientific or programmatic matters (within the scope of the award) between the award recipient and the NHGRI may be brought to arbitration. An Arbitration Panel will be convened and will be composed of three members: (1) a designee of the awardee, (2) an NHGRI designee, and (3) a third designee with relevant expertise who is chosen by the other two. The Arbitration Panel will help resolve both scientific and programmatic issues that develop during the course of work and that restrict progress. This special arbitration procedure in no way affects the right of the awardee to appeal an adverse action that is otherwise appealable in accordance with NIH regulations 42 CFR Part 50, Subpart D and HHS regulation at 45 CFR Part 16. (7) Yearly Milestones Applicants should define yearly milestones in their applications. The awardee and NHGRI Program Director will have the opportunity to negotiate and possibly modify these milestones at the time of the award. The negotiated milestones will then be included as an additional set of terms to the award. The awardee's milestones will be provided to the SAP. It is anticipated that the milestones may be adjusted, usually annually at the award anniversary dates, both to incorporate the awardee's scientific accomplishments and progress in the field in general, as well as to reflect the recommendations of the SAP. In accordance with the procedure described above, the NHGRI program officer may recommend augmenting the Database, as discussed by the SAP, or reducing or withholding funds for any project that substantially fails to meet its milestones or to remain state-of-the-art. WHERE TO SEND INQUIRIES We encourage inquiries concerning this RFA and welcome the opportunity to answer questions from potential applicants. Inquiries may fall into three areas: scientific/research, peer review, and financial or grants management issues: o Direct your questions about scientific/research issues to: Dr. Peter Good National Human Genome Research Institute Building 31, Room B2B07 Bethesda, MD 20892-2033 Telephone: (301) 435-5796 FAX: (301) 480-2770 Email: [email protected] Dr. James Cassatt National Institute of General Medical Sciences Building 45, Room 2AS.19C Bethesda, MD 20892-6200 Telephone: (301) 594-0828 FAX: (301) 480-2004 Email: [email protected] Dr. Carol Bean National Library of Medicine Rockledge One Building, Suite 301 6705 Rockledge Drive Bethesda, MD 20892 Telephone: (301) 594-4882 FAX: (301) 402-2952 Email: [email protected] Dr. Michael Huerta National Institute of Mental Health 6001 Executive Blvd. Room 7202 Bethesda, MD 20892-9645 Telephone: (301) 443-3563 FAX: (301) 443-1731 Email: [email protected] Dr. Douglas M. Sheeley National Center for Research Resources 6705 Rockledge Drive Bethesda, MD 20892-7965 Voice: (301) 594-9762 Fax: (301) 480-3659 Email: [email protected] Dr. Rochelle K. Small National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research Natcher Building, Room 4AN-18D Bethesda, MD 20892-6402 Tel: 301-594-9898 Fax: 301-480-8318 email: [email protected] o Direct your questions about peer review issues to: Dr. Ken Nakamura Scientific Review Branch National Human Genome Research Institute National Institutes of Health Building 31, Room B2B37 Bethesda, MD 20982-2032 Telephone: (301) 402-0838 FAX: (301) 435-1580 E-mail: [email protected] o Direct your questions about financial or grants management matters to: Ms. Jean Cahill Grants Administration Branch National Human Genome Research Institute Building 31, Room B2B34 Bethesda, MD 20892-2031 Telephone: (301) 402-0733 FAX: (301) 402-1951 E-mail: [email protected] LETTER OF INTENT Prospective applicants are asked to submit a letter of intent that includes the following information: o Descriptive title of the proposed research o Name, address, and telephone number of the Principal Investigator o Names of other key personnel o Participating institutions o Number and title of this RFA Although a letter of intent is not required, is not binding, and does not enter into the review of a subsequent application, the information that it contains allows IC staff to estimate the potential review workload and plan the review. The letter of intent is to be sent by the date listed at the beginning of this document. The letter of intent should be sent to: Dr. Peter Good National Human Genome Research Institute Building 31, Room B2B07 Bethesda, MD 20892-2033 Telephone: (301) 435-5796 FAX: (301) 480-2770 Email: [email protected] SUBMITTING AN APPLICATION Applications must be prepared using the PHS 398 research grant application instructions and forms (rev. 5/2001). The PHS 398 is available at http://grants.nih.gov/grants/funding/phs398/phs398.html in an interactive format. For further assistance contact GrantsInfo, Telephone (301) 710-0267, Email: [email protected]. USING THE RFA LABEL: The RFA label available in the PHS 398 (rev. 5/2001) application form must be affixed to the bottom of the face page of the application. Type the RFA number on the label. Failure to use this label could result in delayed processing of the application such that it may not reach the review committee in time for review. In addition, the RFA title and number must be typed on line 2 of the face page of the application form and the YES box must be marked. The RFA label is also available at: http://grants.nih.gov/grants/funding/phs398/label-bk.pdf. SENDING AN APPLICATION TO THE NIH: Submit a signed, typewritten original of the application, including the Checklist, and three signed, photocopies, in one package to: Center For Scientific Review National Institutes Of Health 6701 Rockledge Drive, Room 1040, MSC 7710 Bethesda, MD 20892-7710 Bethesda, MD 20817 (for express/courier service) At the time of submission, two additional copies of the application must be sent to: Dr. Ken Nakamura Scientific Review Administrator Scientific Review Branch National Human Genome Research Institute Building 31, Room B2B37 Bethesda, MD 20982-2032 APPLICATION PROCESSING: Applications must be received by the application receipt date listed in the heading of this RFA. If an application is received after that date, it will be returned to the applicant without review. The Center for Scientific Review (CSR) will not accept any application in response to this RFA that is essentially the same as one currently pending initial review, unless the applicant withdraws the pending application. The CSR will not accept any application that is essentially the same as one already reviewed. This does not preclude the submission of substantial revisions of applications already reviewed, but such applications must include an Introduction addressing the previous critique. PEER REVIEW PROCESS Upon receipt, applications will be reviewed for completeness by the CSR and responsiveness by NHGRI. Incomplete and/or non-responsive applications will be returned to the applicant without further consideration. Applications that are complete and responsive to the RFA will be evaluated for scientific and technical merit by an appropriate peer review group convened by NHGRI in accordance with the review criteria stated below. As part of the initial merit review, all applications will: o Receive a written critique o Undergo a process in which only those applications deemed to have the highest scientific merit, generally the top half of the applications under review, will be discussed and assigned a priority score o Receive a second level review by the National Advisory Council for Human Genome Research. REVIEW CRITERIA The goals of NIH-supported research are to advance our understanding of biological systems, improve the control of disease, and enhance health. In the written comments, reviewers will be asked to discuss the following aspects of your application in order to judge the likelihood that the proposed research will have a substantial impact on the pursuit of these goals: o Significance o Approach o Innovation o Investigator o Environment The scientific review group will address and consider each of these criteria in assigning your application's overall score, weighting them as appropriate for each application. Your application does not need to be strong in all categories to be judged likely to have major scientific impact and thus deserve a high priority score. For example, you may propose to carry out important work that by its nature is not innovative but is essential to move a field forward. (1) SIGNIFICANCE: Does your study address an important problem? If the aims of your application are achieved, how do they advance scientific knowledge? What will be the effect of these studies on the concepts or methods that drive this field? (2) APPROACH: Are the conceptual framework, design, methods, and analyses adequately developed, well integrated, and appropriate to the aims of the project? Do you acknowledge potential problem areas and consider alternative tactics? (3) INNOVATION: Does your project employ novel concepts, approaches or methods, where appropriate? Are the aims original and innovative? Does your project challenge existing paradigms or develop new methodologies or technologies? Does the project evaluate and use existing database methodologies where appropriate? (4) INVESTIGATOR: Are you appropriately trained and well suited to carry out this work? Is the work proposed appropriate to your experience level as the principal investigator and to that of other researchers (if any)? (5) ENVIRONMENT: Does the scientific environment in which your work will be done contribute to the probability of success? Do the proposed experiments take advantage of unique features of the scientific environment or employ useful collaborative arrangements? Is there evidence of institutional support? ADDITIONAL REVIEW CRITERIA: In addition to the above criteria, your application will also be reviewed with respect to the following: o PROTECTIONS: The adequacy of the proposed protection for humans, animals, or the environment, to the extent they may be adversely affected by the project proposed in the application. o INCLUSION: The adequacy of plans to include subjects from both genders, all racial and ethnic groups (and subgroups), and children as appropriate for the scientific goals of the research. Plans for the recruitment and retention of subjects will also be evaluated. (See Inclusion Criteria included in the section on Federal Citations, below) o DATA SHARING: The adequacy of the proposed plan to share data. o BUDGET: The reasonableness of the proposed budget and the requested period of support in relation to the proposed research. o OTHER REVIEW CRITERIA: - NEEDS ASSESSMENT: The applicant is responsible for identifying the various user communities that will use the research capabilities to be provided by the project. How is the balance of the component activities proposed consistent with the needs and opportunities presented by the potential user communities? - PROJECT MAINTENANCE: How adequate are the plans to collect and maintain data? - DATABASE ACCESS: How adequate are the plans to provide protein and genome researchers and other biomedical researchers access to the project's data resources, including plans to make available the entire database and database schema? - SERVICE: How adequate are the plans to provide consultation and technical assistance in the use of the Database? - OUTREACH: How adequate are the proposed plans for informing the scientific community about the Database? - TRAINING: How adequate are the proposed plans for providing educational programs to explain to members of the research community the use of the Database and its data in protein and genome research? - COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: If the proposal includes collaborative research projects involving personnel working with investigators outside of the awardee institution to increase its usefulness for protein and genome research, address the following: o Scientific merit of the research and resources proposed, and how well they fit into the focus of the overall research project; o Adequacy of the design and feasibility of the proposed methods; o Novelty or originality of the proposal, as appropriate; o Training, experience, and research competence of the collaborating investigator(s); o Potential of the effort to lead to enhanced or expanded use of the project and to respond to unfulfilled needs of protein and genome research projects served by the project; o Suitability of the facilities for the proposed research, including the availability of required special resources. RECEIPT AND REVIEW SCHEDULE Letter of Intent Receipt Date: March 19, 2002 Application Receipt Date: April 19, 2002 Peer Review Date: July, 2002 Council Review: September, 2002 Earliest Anticipated Start Date: September 20, 2002 AWARD CRITERIA Award criteria that will be used to make award decisions include: o Scientific merit (as determined by peer review) o Availability of funds o Programmatic priorities. REQUIRED FEDERAL CITATIONS PUBLIC ACCESS TO RESEARCH DATA THROUGH THE FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT: The Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Circular A-110 has been revised to provide public access to research data through the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) under some circumstances. Data that are (1) first produced in a project that is supported in whole or in part with Federal funds and (2) cited publicly and officially by a Federal agency in support of an action that has the force and effect of law (i.e., a regulation) may be accessed through FOIA. It is important for applicants to understand the basic scope of this amendment. NIH has provided guidance at http://grants.nih.gov/grants/policy/a110/a110_guidance_dec1999.htm. Applicants may wish to place data collected under this PA in a public archive, which can provide protections for the data and manage the distribution for an indefinite period of time. If so, the application should include a description of the archiving plan in the study design and include information about this in the budget justification section of the application. In addition, applicants should think about how to structure informed consent statements and other human subjects procedures given the potential for wider use of data collected under this award. URLs IN NIH GRANT APPLICATIONS OR APPENDICES: All applications for NIH funding must be as self-contained as possible. Reviewers may need to look at Web pages to properly evaluate software applications. Internet addresses (URLs) should be provided as needed. HEALTHY PEOPLE 2010: The Public Health Service (PHS) is committed to achieving the health promotion and disease prevention objectives of "Healthy People 2010," a PHS-led national activity for setting priority areas. This RFA is related to one or more of the priority areas. Potential applicants may obtain a copy of "Healthy People 2010" at http://www.health.gov/healthypeople. AUTHORITY AND REGULATIONS: This program is described in the Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance No. 93.172, 93.242, 93.121, 93.879, 93.371 and 93.821 and is not subject to the intergovernmental review requirements of Executive Order 12372 or Health Systems Agency review. Awards are made under authorization of Sections 301 and 405 of the Public Health Service Act as amended (42 USC 241 and 284)and administered under NIH grants policies described at http://grants.nih.gov/grants/policy/policy.htm and under Federal Regulations 42 CFR 52 and 45 CFR Parts 74 and 92. The PHS strongly encourages all grant recipients to provide a smoke- free workplace and discourage the use of all tobacco products. In addition, Public Law 103-227, the Pro-Children Act of 1994, prohibits smoking in certain facilities (or in some cases, any portion of a facility) in which regular or routine education, library, day care, health care, or early childhood development services are provided to children. This is consistent with the PHS mission to protect and advance the physical and mental health of the American people.
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