NIDCR SCHOLAR DEVELOPMENT AND FACULTY TRANSITION AWARD (K22) Release date: May 24, 2000 PA NUMBER: PAR-00-097 (New applications will no longer be accepted after 2/1/06. Revised applications will not be accepted after 3/1/06, see NOT-DE-06-001) (see policy update, NOT-DE-05-002) Expiration Date: May 24, 2003 National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research PURPOSE The purpose of the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR) Scholar Development and Faculty Transition Award is to enable promising new researchers to obtain additional mentored postdoctoral research experience and to secure a tenure line (or equivalent) position at a U.S. academic institution. This award has two phases--a Scholar Development Phase and a Faculty Transition Phase. The Scholar Development Phase provides the necessary resources to support mentored postdoctoral research training in an extramural or a National Institutes of Health (NIH) intramural laboratory for up to three years. The Faculty Transition Phase will fund the awardee’s extramural research program for up to four years at an institution to which she/he has been recruited on a tenure line (or equivalent). The total number of years for both phases of the award cannot exceed five. Applicants may apply for both phases or for the Faculty Transition Phase only. It is anticipated that awardees will subsequently obtain a research project grant (R01) to support the continuation of their research. HEALTHY PEOPLE 2010 The Public Health Service (PHS) is committed to achieving the health promotion and disease prevention objectives of "Healthy People 2010," a PHS led national activity for setting priority areas. This Program Announcement (PA), Title of PA, is related to one or more of the priority areas. Potential applicants may obtain a copy of "Healthy People 2010" at http://www.health.gov/healthypeople/. ELIGIBILITY REQUIREMENTS Individuals who apply to this program must: (1) have obtained a doctoral degree (DDS/DMD, MD, DVM, PhD or equivalent), (2) have no more than five years postdoctoral experience at the time, if applying for both a Scholar Development and Faculty Transition Award, (3) have no more than six years postdoctoral experience at the time, if applying for only a Faculty Transition Award, (4) be in a postdoctoral (e.g., F32 award) or equivalent position (e.g., approved clinical residency or advanced specialty program, individual or program research career development award funded by the NIH) at the time of applying for either award, (5) be able to devote at least 75 percent of time to research-related activities, (6) not be a principal investigator on R01, R21, R29 or sub-project of P grant, and (7) be a U.S. citizen or noncitizen national, or must have been lawfully admitted for permanent residence and possess an Alien Registration Receipt card (I-151 or I-155) or some other verification of legal admission as a permanent citizen. Individuals on temporary or student visas are not eligible. Postdoctoral fellows at the NIH who meet the requirements are eligible to apply, but must receive a letter of commitment from their intramural laboratory Branch Chief and Institute Scientific Director stating that full support for the Scholar Development Phase of the award will be borne by the sponsoring Institute. The level of support must be consistent with the terms of this program. Members of underrepresented minority groups, women and persons with disabilities are strongly encouraged to apply. All applicants are encouraged to contact NIDCR program staff listed under INQUIRIES regarding their eligibility for this award. MECHANISM OF SUPPORT The NIDCR Scholar Development and Faculty Transition Program will use the NIH Career Transition Award (K22). Responsibility for the planning, direction, and execution of the proposed project will be solely that of the applicant. Awards are not renewable. PROGRAM OBJECTIVES Background The NIDCR has expanded considerably its research programs in recent years. The expansion was highlighted in the Institute’s strategic plan, Shaping the Future, that was issued in 1997. The programmatic organization of the NIDCR reflects this expansion and provides support for research in areas such as molecular medicine, bacterial genetics, oropharyngeal cancer and other neoplastic diseases of the head and neck, chronic disorders, managing the medically compromised patient, the link between oral and systemic health, craniofacial anomalies and injuries, infectious diseases and HIV/AIDS, biomaterials, biomimetics and tissue engineering. In addition, growing efforts are being devoted to clinical, behavioral and health promotion activities and to the study of the factors responsible for the existence of health disparities among various segments of the population. It is now recognized that, in most diseases, a number of diverse genetic, environmental and socioeconomic factors converge to disrupt health and that new research approaches which integrate various disciplines are required to effectively address the multifactorial nature of human disease. These new approaches require a different and more diverse set of competencies in investigators who can interact in cross-disciplinary research teams to take advantage of the expanding opportunities in dental, craniofacial and oral health research. Cognizant of these trends, the NIDCR initiated an in-depth review of its training and career development programs. A Blue Ribbon Panel was appointed in 1999 to examine the evolving scientific opportunities as we approach the 21st century and to identify the investigator competencies that will be required of those pursuing this area of biomedical research. The entire report can be accessed at the following internet address: http://www.nidcr.nih.gov/research/blueribbon/career_BRP.htm. The conclusions of the Blue Ribbon Panel were discussed by the National Advisory Dental and Craniofacial Research Council (NADCRC) at the September, 1999 and January, 2000 meetings. The NADCRC emphasized the need for multidisciplinary programs, partnering within the Academic Health Centers, multiple career paths and choices, flexibility in training and a life-long career development continuum. Based on the Blue Ribbon Panel report and NADCRC deliberations, an implementation plan was formulated. The plan can be accessed on the internet through the NIDCR Extramural Research Training and Career Development page at http://www.nidcr.nih.gov/research/blueribbon/impPlan_BRP.htm. Goals and Scope The NIDCR K22 award is intended specifically to help develop scientists who will pursue their careers in the extramural biomedical research community. The award will support two phases of research: a scholar development phase and a faculty transition phase. Total combined support can be four or five years. The program will begin with up to three years of support for the Scholar"s additional postdoctoral research training at either an extramural institution or in a NIH intramural research laboratory. For those interested in coming to the NIDCR Division of Intramural Research for the scholar development phase of the K22, information about current research areas, senior scientists available to serve as mentors and structure of the Division can be obtained from the NIDCR Home Page at http://wwwdir.nidcr.nih.gov/dirweb/dirhome.htm. Individuals wishing to perform the scholar development phase at the NIDCR must contact and receive preliminary acceptance from Division of Intramural Research senior staff prior to submitting the K22 application. However, final decision about the K22 award depends on review by and priority score received from the extramural initial peer review group. Transition to the Faculty Development phase is not automatic. Approval of the transition will be based on (1) the success of the awardees research program as determined by a progress review conducted at the initial site of training no later than the start of the second year of the award, (2) the scholar’s obtaining a tenure line (or equivalent) at a U.S. academic institution, and (3) evaluation of the research plan to be conducted at the extramural institution where the grantee will be located. An application from the extramural institution on behalf of the candidate will be required for the NIDCR to process the second phase of the K22. The institution must demonstrate a commitment to the candidate by providing protected research time and space needed to perform the proposed research. Matching funds from the institution for equipment and supplies (and salary if needed) are encouraged. It is desirable, but not required, that the activated Faculty Transition Award be located at an institution different from the one in which the Scholar trained during the first phase of the K22 award. A postdoctoral fellow who applies only for the Faculty Transition Award also is encouraged to move to another institution. Awardees approved to proceed with the second phase of support will receive notification of approval in writing from the NIDCR. ALLOWABLE COSTS 1) Scholar Development Phase Extramural Scholar Development: Scholars in extramural institutions will be supported during the Scholar Development Phase by the K22 Award. Up to $75,000 in salary plus fringe benefits will be provided for the K22 award recipient. The total salary requested must be based on a full-time, 12-month staff appointment. Salary of the Scholar must be commensurate with the level of training and experience of similar individuals in the host institution. There should be no less than 75 percent effort devoted by the awardee specifically to the proposed research program. With adequate justification, the NIDCR will provide up to $25,000 per year for research expenses, such as supplies, equipment and technical personnel, tuition and fees, travel to research meetings, and statistical service, including personnel and computer time. Salary for secretarial and administrative assistance is not allowed. The extramural institution will be reimbursed for Facilities and Administrative (F&A) costs at eight percent of modified total direct costs, or at the actual indirect cost rate, whichever is less. Intramural Scholar Development: Scholars in the NIH intramural program will be fully supported during the Scholar Development Phase by the NIH intramural laboratory in which the Scholar conducts her/his research. The final budget for this phase will be negotiated with the sponsoring intramural laboratory and will depend upon the nature and scope of the research as recommended by the peer review process. There will be no extramural grant award associated with the intramural Scholar Development phase. Intramural Scholars are eligible to apply for all NIH intramural programs, such as the Loan Repayment Program. Support for the Scholar will not be transferable to another NIH institute or to an extramural institution. 2) Faculty Transition Phase The budget for the Faculty Transition Phase may not exceed $125,000 per year in direct costs. This includes salary, fringe benefits and research-related expenses. Inflationary increases will be considered for future year budgets. Indirect costs will be reimbursed at eight percent of modified total direct costs or at the actual cost rate, whichever is less. The duration of the Faculty Transition Phase will be up to four years and will depend upon how many years of support were received for the Scholar Development Phase. At the extramural institution, the salary paid must be commensurate with the applicant institution"s salary structure for persons of equivalent qualifications, experience and rank. The total salary requested must be based on a full-time, 12-month staff appointment and there should be no less than 75 percent effort devoted by the Scholar specifically to the proposed research program. The institution may supplement the NIDCR contribution. However, supplementation may not be from Federal funds unless specifically authorized by the Federal program from which such funds are derived. In no case may PHS funds be used for salary supplementation. Institutional supplementation of salary may not require extra duties or responsibilities that would interfere with the purpose of this award. Under expanded authorities, institutions may carry over unexpended funds into the next budget period and rebudget funds within the total costs awarded, but may not rebudget funds involving the salary component of the budget. During the Faculty Transition Phase, the Scholar is encouraged strongly to apply for additional support through investigator-initiated research grants, e.g., R01, R21. The K22 and an R series grant may be held concurrently, but salary can be provided only through the K22 during the overlap years. INCLUSION OF WOMEN AND MINORITIES IN RESEARCH INVOLVING HUMAN SUBJECTS It is the policy of the NIDCR that women and members of minority groups and their subpopulations must be included in all NIDCR supported biomedical and behavioral research projects involving human subjects, unless a clear and compelling rationale and justification is provided that inclusion is inappropriate with respect to the health of the subjects or the purpose of the research. This policy results from the NIH Revitalization Act of 1993 (Section 492B of Public Law 103-43). All investigators proposing research involving human subjects should read the "NIH Guidelines for Inclusion of Women and Minorities as Subjects in Clinical Research," which was published in the Federal Register of March 28, 1994 (FR 59 14508-14513), and in the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts, Vol. 23, No. 11, March 18, 1994, available on the web at: http://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/notice-files/not94-100.html. INCLUSION OF CHILDREN AS PARTICIPANTS IN RESEARCH INVOLVING HUMAN SUBJECTS It is the policy of the NIDCR that children (i.e., individuals under the age of 21) must be included in all human subjects research, conducted or supported by the NIDCR, unless there are scientific and/or ethical reasons not to include them. This policy applies to all initial (Type 1) applications submitted for receipt dates after October 1, 1998. All investigators proposing research involving human subjects should read the "NIH Policy and Guidelines" on the Inclusion of Children as Participants in Research Involving Human Subjects that was published in the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts, March 6, 1998, and is available at the following URL address: http://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/notice-files/not98-024.html. Investigators also may obtain copies of these policies from the program staff listed under INQUIRIES. Program staff may also provide additional relevant information concerning the policy. URLS IN NIH GRANT APPLICATIONS OR APPENDICES All applications and proposals for NIH funding must be self-contained within specified page limitations. Unless otherwise specified in an NIH solicitation, internet addresses (URLs) should not be used to provide information necessary to the review because reviewers are under no obligation to view the Internet sites. Reviewers are cautioned that their anonymity may be compromised when they directly access an Internet site. APPLICATION PROCEDURES The research grant application form PHS 398 (rev. 4/98) is to be used in applying for these grants. These forms are available at most institutional offices of sponsored research and may be obtained from the Division of Extramural Outreach and Information Resource, National Institutes of Health, 6701 Rockledge Drive, MSC 7910, Bethesda, MD 20892-7910, telephone: 301/435- 0714, Email: GrantsInfo@nih.gov, from the NIH web site: http://grants.nih.gov/grants/forms.htm, and from the program administrator listed under INQUIRIES. Submit a signed, typewritten original of the application and three signed photocopies in one package to: CENTER FOR SCIENTIFIC REVIEW NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH 6701 ROCKLEDGE DRIVE, ROOM 1040 -MSC 7710 BETHESDA, MD 20892-7710 BETHESDA, MD 20817 (for express/courier service) At the time of submission, two additional copies of the application must be sent to: Office of Scientific Review National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research Building 45, Room 4AN-32 Bethesda, MD 20892-6402 The Center for Scientific Review (CSR) will not accept any application in response to this program announcement that is essentially the same as one currently pending initial review, unless the applicant withdraws the pending application. The CSR will not accept any application that is essentially the same as one already reviewed. SUPPLEMENTAL APPLICATION GUIDELINES In completing the form PHS 398, please first refer to the "Research Career Awards" section of the application kit (Appendix IV). The program announcement title (Scholar Development and Faculty Transition Award) and PA number must be typed on line 2 of the face page of the application, and the YES box must be marked. Enter in item 6 (Dates of Proposed Period of Support) the combined number of years of support needed to complete the Scholar Development and Faculty Transition Phases of the NIDCR K22 Program. The applicant must provide her/his signature in item 15. The responsible person at the extramural institution must provide her/his signature in item 16. Do NOT submit the Checklist Page. RESEARCH PLAN Applicants are advised to address the research plan in two parts. What research will be conducted during: (I) the Scholar Development Phase and (II) the Faculty Transition Phase. (I) Scholar Development Plan Candidate"s Qualifications The candidate should provide the following documents: a) An official certified transcript covering the graduate/professional school level of education. b) Three sealed letters of reference from well-established research scientists must be provided. One letter should be from the most recent mentor in either a postdoctoral research setting or from the applicant"s thesis advisor. These letters are to be included with the application. The letters should address the following issues: --The applicant"s past contributions to scientific achievements, --The applicant"s special potential to pursue and develop an independent research program, --The applicant"s ability to work with other scientists in interdisciplinary settings and in various interactive situations, (e.g., seminars, journal clubs, etc.), on collaborative research projects, and with support staff (e.g., technicians, secretaries). Applicants in the NIH intramural program must submit a letter of commitment from the Lab Chief or Scientific Director stating that the sponsoring IC will support the Scholar Development Phase of this award. The level of support must be consistent with the terms of the K22 program. Candidate"s Overall Career Goals Applicants should describe their overall career goals and plans for continued scientific development in their research career. The application should specifically address the candidate"s: a) Commitment to a career in research b) Potential to develop into a successful independent investigator c) Need for additional courses d) Plans to receive instructions in the responsible conduct of research and e) Immediate and long-term career objectives, explaining how the award will contribute to their attainment. Scholar"s Development Research Plan Describe the research plan and approach to the proposed problem. Use the research plan as outlined in form PHS 398 including the sections of the Specific Aims, Background and Significance, Preliminary Studies, Research Design and Methods. Mentor"s Training Plan The mentor must describe the elements of research training planned for the candidate, including any formal course-work, and demonstrate how the candidate"s independence will be promoted. II) Faculty Transition Research Plan The scientific objectives and specific aims should describe research plans that will further the fields of dental, craniofacial and oral health research and that are sufficient to justify up to four years of support. Applicants should also provide future research directions for the extramural support phase, i.e., what are the broad research goals and potential avenues of research that would be stimulated by the specific research project. Applicants applying for only the Faculty Transition Award should omit the following sections described above: the Scholar Research Plan and the Mentor"s Training Plan. Budget The research plan should be adequate to justify the years of support requested. The budget should span the proposed total duration of the award (maximum of five years) including both the Scholar Development and Faculty Transition Phases (see section on Allowable Costs). Using continuation pages as needed, provide in a detailed narrative format justification for the budgetary needs of the proposed research program, e.g., personnel, consultants, equipment, databases, supplies and travel. This justification should be prepared carefully, as it will be a critical factor used by peer reviewers in evaluating the applicant"s knowledge and ability to manage the proposed research project. NIDCR is aware that the budget for the Faculty Transition Phase for individuals applying for the Scholar Development and the Faculty Transition Phases of the award may have to be revised at the time that the Faculty Transition Phase is awarded due to changes in scientific approaches and variations in costs between institutions. REVIEW CONSIDERATIONS Application Upon receipt, applications will be reviewed by the CSR for completeness and the NIDCR for responsiveness. Incomplete and/or non-responsive applications will be returned to the applicant without further consideration. Applications that are complete and responsive to the program announcement will be evaluated for scientific and technical merit in accordance with review criteria stated below by an appropriate extramural initial peer review group (IRG) convened by the NIDCR Office of Scientific Review. As part of the initial merit review, all applications will receive a written critique and may undergo a process in which only those applications deemed to have the highest scientific merit, generally the top half of applications under review, will be discussed, assigned a priority score, and receive a second level review by the National Advisory Council for Dental and Craniofacial Research. Review Criteria The initial review criteria for applications submitted in response to this program announcement will include the following: a) Candidate (Scholar Development and Faculty Transition) Capacity to carry out independent research based on level of training, experience and competence commensurate with the purposes of this award. Past and present research productivity, e.g., contributions to the scientific literature, success in obtaining fellowships. The level of achievement will be judged relative to the number of years of training. Ability to conceptualize and organize a research approach that will make full use of the support offered during the Scholar Development Phase. The special qualities of the applicant to: (1) work in an interdisciplinary setting, (2) work in a scientifically interactive setting, and (3) to collaborate with other scientists working in the area of dental, craniofacial and oral research. This should be addressed in the letters of reference (see section on APPLICATION PROCEDURES). Appropriateness of the applicant"s Career Development Plan and the likelihood that the award will contribute substantially to the continued scientific development and productivity of the candidate. Potential to become an outstanding scientist who will make significant contributions to the field. Environment (Scholar Development Phase only) Research qualifications and previous experience of the mentor as a research supervisor. Adequacy of the nature and extent of supervision that will occur during the proposed award period. Appropriateness of the mentor"s research interest and qualifications to the career development needs of the candidate. Quality of the research environment and infrastructure. b) Research Plan (Scholar Development and Faculty Transition) Quality and innovativeness of the research plan, including appropriateness and adequacy of the experimental approach and methodology proposed to carry out the research. Suitability of the proposed specific aims for the initial Scholar Development Phase of the K22 Program. Appropriateness of proposed future directions and broad research goals, especially the suitability of the proposed specific aims for the Faculty Transition Phase of the K22 Program. Consistency of the research plan with the candidate"s career goals. Where appropriate, adequacy of plans to include both genders, children, minorities and their subgroups for the scientific goals of the research. Plans for recruitment and retention of subjects will also be evaluated. c) Budget (Scholar Development and Faculty Transition) Applicants for the Scholar Development and Faculty Transition Award should submit a budget for both phases of the award. Both budgets should be adequately justified and consistent with the scope of the research and career development activities proposed. It is expected that the budget for the Faculty Transition Award may not be developed in as fine a detail as the budget for the Scholar Development Phase of the award. For applicants applying for the Faculty Transition Award only, a detailed budget must be submitted which is consistent with the proposed research. If there is greater than a six month hiatus between the time that the award is approved for funding and is activated, a revised budget must be submitted at the time that the Award is activated. Following the initial peer review and secondary review by the NADCRC, final selection for the Scholars Development Phase will be based on IRG recommendations, the need for research personnel in specific programmatic areas, NIDCR program priorities, balance among the types of research training supported by the NIDCR and the availability of funds. The NIDCR will notify the applicant of the final action shortly after the NADCRC meeting. Special Restrictions Acceptance of NIH Intramural Scholars into the NIDCR’s K22 Program does not convey any commitment or intent of the NIDCR or any other NIH component to consider the Scholar for a tenure-track position within the NIDCR or other components of NIH. The NIDCR’s K22 Program is specifically intended to help develop scientists who will pursue their careers in dental, craniofacial or oral research in the extramural biomedical research community. However, Scholars are not explicitly precluded from applying for available tenure- track positions at the NIH. If a Scholar obtains an NIH tenure track, staff scientist, or clinical scientist position, the K22 Award will be terminated. ACTIVATION OF THE FACULTY TRANSITION AWARD The Faculty Transition Phase of the award can be activated at any time after the first year of Scholar Development Phase. The maximum duration of the Faculty Transition Phase is four years. For scholars in the NIDCR intramural program, the NIDCR Board of Scientific Counselors will conduct a formal scientific and training progress review, one year prior to the end of the intramural phase. The results of this formal review will be presented in writing to the NIDCR Scholar. Approval will result in eligibility for the extramural Faculty Transition Phase of the Career Transition Award (K22). Disapproval will result in a terminal year of intramural support with no transition funding. A similar type of review should be provided for extramural scholars by the academic institution at which the scholar is training. Approval will result in eligibility for the extramural Faculty Transition Phase of the Career Transition Award (K22). Disapproval will result in a terminal year of extramural support with no transition funding. Prior to activation of the Faculty Transition Phase of the program, the NIDCR Scholar must obtain a tenure line (or equivalent) as an independent researcher at an extramural institution. That institution should, if possible, be different from the one at which the Scholar Development Phase was performed. The extramural institution must demonstrate, in writing, a commitment to the NIDCR Scholar by providing protected research time and sufficient space and resources needed to perform the research. Matching funds from the institution for equipment, supplies, and salary are encouraged. After the Scholar receives an offer for a tenure line (or equivalent), the institution, in partnership with the Scholar, will request a change of institution by submitting the most current form PHS 2590 noncompeting application to activate the Faculty Transition Phase of the award. This should be done at least four months prior to the beginning of the expected start date of the extramural phase. Instructions for this non-competing NIH Career Transition Award (K22) will be provided by the NIDCR Division of Extramural Research. The application should include the following: An updated description of the proposed research for the duration of the award (maximum of ten pages), A budget justifying the request in relation to the career development and research goals, A description of the research environment and facilities, A statement about the institution"s commitment to the Scholar and to the Scholar"s scientific independence, and A detailed description of the candidate"s position, responsibilities, and duties and a definition of the institution"s tenure policy. The non-competing application will evaluated by the NIDCR Division of Extramural Research, in consultation with appropriate extramural scientists, and by the NADCRC. A key consideration of the review will be to assess the institution"s commitment to the awardee to ensure that the appointment is consistent with the intentions of this award. The Faculty Transition Award may be delayed for up to one year in order for the Scholar or postdoctoral fellow to find a suitable tenure line (or equivalent) position. In such cases, the NIDCR will not provide interim support. MONITORING PROGRESS Scholar Development Phase Each Extramural Scholar"s research program will be evaluated for progress on an annual basis through submission of annual progress reports. Each Intramural Scholar"s research program will be evaluated for progress on an annual basis in the same way as all other independent intramural scientific research programs via the Board of Scientific Counselors review. Faculty Transition Phase The awardee will follow the same procedure as all other extramural grantees by submitting a progress report as part of the non-competing continuation application. A description of the research and career progress will be provided including publications, current research grant support, and pending applications. These annual reports will be closely monitored by NIDCR staff to ensure that the awardee is achieving the goals of the K22 Program. Periodically, NIDCR staff will arrange meetings of all awardees to discuss progress and the program. For the purpose of evaluating outcomes of the NIDCR’s K22 Program, the NIDCR may solicit information from the awardee after completion of the Faculty Transition Phase regarding their career progress. AWARD CRITERIA Applications will compete for available funds with all other recommended research career development applications. The following will be considered in making award decisions: qualifications and potential of the applicant to make a contribution to dental, craniofacial and oral research, the quality of the proposed mentor(s) and research project as determined by peer review, programmatic priorities, and availability of funds. INQUIRIES Written and telephone inquiries concerning this program announcement are encouraged, especially during the planning phase of the application. Contact the staff below for additional information: James A. Lipton, DDS, Ph.D. Assistant Director, Office of Training and Career Development Division of Extramural Research National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research Building 45, Room 4AN-18J Bethesda, MD 20892-6402 Telephone: (301) 594-2618 E-Mail: James_Lipton@nih.gov Mr. Martin Rubinstein Grants Management Officer National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research Building 45, Room 4AN-44 Bethesda, MD 20892-6402 Telephone: (301) 594-4800 AUTHORITY AND REGULATIONS This program is described in the Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance No. 93.837, 93.838, and 93.839. Awards are made under authorization of the Public Health Service Act, Title IV, Part A (Public Law 78-410, as amended by Public Law 99-158, 42 USC 241 and 285) and administered under PHS grants policies and Federal Regulations 42 CFR 52 and 45 CFR Part 74. This program is not subject to the intergovernmental review requirements of Executive Order 12372 or Health Systems Agency review. The PHS strongly encourages all grant and contract recipients to provide a smoke-free workplace and promote the non-use of all tobacco products. In addition, Public Law 103-227, the Pro-Children Act of 1994, prohibits smoking in certain facilities (or in some cases, any portion of a facility) in which regular or routine education, library, day care, health care or early childhood development services are provided to children. This is consistent with the PHS mission to protect and advance the physical and mental health of the American people.


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