CAREER DEVELOPMENT AWARDS: CHILD ABUSE AND NEGLECT RESEARCH Release Date: August 5, 1999 PA NUMBER: PA-99-133 National Institute of Mental Health National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke National Institute of Child Health and Human Development National Institute on Drug Abuse National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Receipt Dates: October 1, February 1, and June 1 PURPOSE The five sponsoring Institutes invite applications in response to this Program Announcement (PA) for the career development for investigators who have made a commitment to focus their research endeavors on child abuse and neglect through research career enhancement in order to conduct high quality, multi- disciplinary, clinically-relevant research on basic biological, behavioral, and social aspects of child and adolescent abuse and neglect. While the focus of the career development program is on child abuse and neglect in human populations, the award may include complementary, appropriate laboratory and animal research related to the child abuse and neglect research proposed in the application. This initiative will be supported through the following NIH career award mechanisms: K01, K02, K08, K23, and K24 (see: http://www.nih.gov/training/careerdevelopmentawards.htm). Prospective applicants should follow the specific provisions and guidelines outlined in each program announcement. It is equally important to note that each Institute has different provisions for each of these career award mechanisms (see MECHANISMS OF SUPPORT) This PA is designed to encourage qualified applicants who (1) are beginning their research careers and who have an interest in child abuse and neglect research, or (2) are already involved in research on child and adolescent abuse and neglect and who wish to increase the sophistication of their research through research career development, or (3) conduct research in related disciplines, such as adult and child psychiatry, developmental neurology, neurobiology, developmental psychology, social work, and nursing, and who wish to broaden their foci in order to be able to conduct research on child abuse and neglect. The career development objectives of the Career Development Awards for Child Abuse and Neglect Research are to encourage scientists to develop independent research skills and gain experience in advanced methods and experimental approaches that will allow them to conduct scientifically sophisticated child abuse and neglect-oriented research. All awards must include a substantial level of either mentoring or collaboration with experienced child abuse and neglect researchers. At the completion of the award, candidates should have both the knowledge and the skills necessary to compete for independent NIH research support for studies of child abuse and neglect through the regular research grant mechanism (R01). HEALTHY PEOPLE 2000 The Public Health Service is committed to achieving the health promotion and disease prevention objectives of "Healthy People 2000," a PHS-led national activity for setting priority areas. This program announcement, Career Development Awards for Child Abuse and Neglect Research is related to the priority area of human resource development. Potential candidates may obtain a copy of "Healthy People 2000" at http://odphp.osophs.dhhs.gov/pubs/hp2000. ELIGIBILITY REQUIREMENTS Eligibility requirements, length of award, and limits on salary, research training, and research support costs for career awards are not uniform among the sponsoring institutes and are determined independently by them. Therefore, prospective candidates should contact the program staff most relevant to the applicant"s research interests to ascertain the conditions of the award supported by each Institute. Candidates must have a research or a health-professional doctorate or its equivalent, and, for career awards that focus on clinical or patient-oriented research training, a clinical doctoral degree. The candidate must have demonstrated the capacity or potential for highly productive research in the period after the doctorate, commensurate with the candidate"s level of experience. Applications may be submitted, on behalf of candidates, by domestic, non- Federal organizations, public or private, such as medical, dental, or nursing schools or other institutions of higher education. Minorities, women and individuals with disabilities are encouraged to apply. At time of award, candidates must be citizens or non-citizen nationals of the United States, or have been lawfully admitted to the United States for permanent residence (i.e., in possession of a currently valid Alien Registration Receipt Card I- 551, or other legal verification of such status). Non-citizen nationals are generally persons born in outlying possessions of the United States (i.e., American Samoa and Swains Island). Individuals on temporary or student visas are not eligible. Foreign Institutions are not eligible. For further specifics on eligibility requirements for the various awards contact NIH program staff listed under INQUIRIES following the text of this announcement. MECHANISMS OF SUPPORT Awards in response to this PA will use NIH Career Development Award mechanisms at two levels: mentored career development awards and mid-career development awards. Career award mechanisms supported under this initiative include, at the mentored level, the K01 Mentored Research Scientist Development Award, K01 Scientist Development Award for Minority Faculty, K08 Mentored Clinical Scientist Development Award, and the K23 Mentored Patient-Oriented Research Career Development Award. At the mid-career level, mechanisms supported include the K02 Independent Scientist Award and the K24 Mid-Career Investigator Award in Patient-Oriented Research. Specific NIH-wide career development program announcements may be obtained electronically through the NIH website at http://www.nih.gov/training/careerdevelopmentawards.htm. However, NIH institutes vary in the types of K awards that they support and their terms and conditions. Furthermore, some Institutes use these career award mechanisms for different programmatic purposes. Therefore, it is important to contact program staff in the five sponsoring Institutes that are listed following the text of this announcement, they should be consulted regarding the specific requirements of their Institutes: Applicants for NIMH career awards should consult: NIMH Extramural Career Development Programs - http://www.nimh.nih.gov/grants/career.htm Applicants for NINDS career awards should consult: Research Training and Development Programs - http://www.ninds.nih.gov/funding/funding_announcements/funding_opps.htm Applicants for NICHD career awards should consult: NICHD Training & Career Development - http://www.nichd.nih.gov/training Applicants for NIDA career awards should consult: Career Development Awards - http://www.nida.nih.gov/ResFundslist.html#Career Applicants for NIAAA career awards should consult: Career Development Program Announcements - http://silk.nih.gov/silk/niaaa1/grants/program.htm#career The overall goal of the sponsoring Institutes is to support at least 10 competing awards in Fiscal Year 2000 through Fiscal Year 2004. The actual number of awards to be made by each Institute will be dependent upon the number and quality of applications submitted. CAREER DEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVES Background The Scope of the Problem There is a growing recognition that child maltreatment, including physical, sexual, and psychological abuse and neglect, is one of the most important public health issues affecting children. In 1996 approximately 3,000,000 children were reported to the National Child Abuse and Neglect Data System as victims of child abuse and neglect in the United States, and 1,000,000 were confirmed as having been abused or neglected. Acute and life-long health care costs for victims of child maltreatment have been estimated to be in the billions of dollars. Physical injuries, including inflicted injuries, are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children. Injury to the developing central nervous system (CNS) (i.e., brain and spinal cord) is a particularly significant cause of death and disability in children. Inflicted traumatic brain injury in the 0-4 year age range affects thousands of children each year, with many suffering severe long-term disabilities. Many additional children who experience traumatic brain injury, remain "functional" but have measurable cognitive deficits. Rehabilitation, outpatient care and special education costs for brain-injured children are estimated to cost billions per year and continue to increase each year as a result of improved survival rates. Billions of dollars are also spent every year in providing services to abused and neglected children through the protective service, judicial, child welfare, health, and mental health and substance abuse systems. The Adoption and Foster Care Analysis and Reporting System reports that on any given day in the U.S., approximately 500,000 children are in foster care, primarily because of abuse and neglect. Approximately 2,000 children die each year as a consequence of child abuse or neglect. Research on Child Abuse and Neglect Scientific research can have a significant impact towards helping ameliorate this societal problem. It is important to develop a scientific knowledge base to understand child abuse and neglect and to guide and improve prevention, intervention and service efforts. Research has identified a number of risk factors for abuse and neglect that vary with the type of maltreatment experienced (e.g., poverty and drug use are strongly related to neglect, but less strongly related to physical and sexual abuse). Caregiver risk factors include caregiver psychopathology or alcoholism and other substance abuse, stress, parenting knowledge, age, education and a history of child abuse or neglect. Socio-cultural risk factors include poverty, unemployment, and socio-cultural attitudes and values. Child risk factors include prematurity, low birth weight, illness or disabling conditions, temperament, age, and gender. The probability of maltreatment increases with the co-occurrence of multiple risk factors. Research studies have also documented the short- and long-term detrimental effects of child maltreatment in children, adolescents, and adults. For the victim, abuse and neglect can cause immediate physical (e.g., central nervous system injury, fractures and severe burns) and psychological trauma (e.g., traumatic stress symptoms) and contribute to chronic physical, (e.g., injury, pain, disfigurement, and disability), developmental (e.g., disturbances or delays in social, cognitive, affective, and language development), neurological (e.g., central nervous system damage or dysfunction), emotional (e.g., depression, anxiety, and hostility) and behavioral problems (e.g., antisocial behavior, alcohol and other drug abuse, risky sexual behavior, social withdrawal and suicide attempts). Maltreated children and adolescents are vulnerable to life-long disturbances in a basic sense of the self as valued by others, a basic sense of security, and trust in human relationships. Moreover, abused children, even if they do not display significant problems at the time of the abuse, remain vulnerable to problems at later developmental periods, especially learning, social, and behavior problems in school, aggression and sexuality in adolescence, and difficulties with parenting and intimate relationships in adulthood. The legacy of child maltreatment has a significant impact on child, adolescent, and adult physical and mental health. Child abuse can play an etiological role in adult physical health, mental health, and substance use disorders, can exacerbate existing vulnerabilities to such disorders, or lead to risky or unhealthful behaviors that increase the likelihood of physical or mental disorders. The incidence, prevalence, and mechanisms of CNS injury and maldevelopment due to child abuse and neglect have not been adequately studied. Limited research suggests a significant underestimation of the number of children whose CNS development is adversely affected because of abuse and neglect. Research is also beginning to identify a number of mediating and moderating factors that can either ameliorate or exacerbate the consequences of maltreatment, such as characteristics of the child"s experiences (e.g., nature, frequency, and severity of abuse and neglect, prior history of abuse and trauma, and placement history), the child"s resources and vulnerabilities (e.g., temperament, intelligence, developmental stage, social competence, and coping capacity and strategies), and social support from within or outside the family. Research Needs Despite the public health significance of child maltreatment, progress has been slow in developing a scientific understanding of the nature, precursors and consequences of child abuse and neglect and in measuring the efficacy of interventions to prevent child maltreatment or ameliorate its consequences. Research on child maltreatment is difficult to conduct due to the complexity of the multiple types of maltreatment, the multitude of possible consequences of maltreatment on the life course, and the wide variation in responses to and interventions for maltreatment. In addition there are significant ethical, subject recruitment, and reporting difficulties. Current research on child maltreatment, by and large, lacks a level of sophistication necessary to address adequately the critical scientific and clinical issues. Sophisticated research and evaluation methods need to be developed to assess the consequences of child maltreatment, to test the adequacy of new intervention approaches, and to suggest directions for improvement of their efficacy. There have been only a handful of longitudinal studies on course and outcome of maltreatment in children, almost no studies involving large, representative samples that adequately assess and analyze variations in maltreatment experiences and characteristics of maltreated children and their families, and almost no randomized clinical trials of conceptually well-designed and standardized preventive or treatment interventions. Brain injury at certain developmental stages in infancy and childhood may result in higher mortality and more severe motor and cognitive deficits than the same injury in adults. The general belief that the immature brain recovers more fully from trauma by virtue of its greater "neural plasticity" has been challenged by more recent studies. This differential vulnerability of the immature brain to injury is supported by the limited animal research in this area. Types of injuries that are sustained at different developmental stages in infancy and childhood when important organizational and maturational processes are occurring are not comparable to injuries in the adult. There are biomechanical issues in inflicted injury, which are unique to the infant brain and skull. It is important to develop appropriate animal models of abuse and neglect (reflecting neuronal and glial disruptions, brain maturational processes, neuroendocrine and neuroimmune influences on development) in order to characterize the degree, type, and extent of the injury and neglect experience, or experiences when repetitive, and the long term effects on neurodevelopment and outcome. In addition, information is needed to understand the role of neuroendocrine and neuroimmune factors on the acute and long term outcomes of age-dependent CNS injury and stress. We currently do not have a therapeutic regimen that is successful for the treatment of CNS injury, stress, and maldevelopment due to abuse and neglect or the acute CNS sequelae believed to impact on long-term outcomes. More sophisticated research studies and a more sophisticated cadre of researchers need to be supported to ensure increased methodological and conceptual sophistication in research on child maltreatment. This can be accomplished through research training of new investigators and the encouragement of established investigators in fields with methodological or conceptual relevance to child maltreatment to extend their studies to maltreated populations or to team with child abuse researchers to form multidisciplinary research teams. RESEARCH AREAS OF INTEREST Applications submitted in response to this Program Announcement must address research and research training on any of the different types of child abuse and neglect. Examples of research areas responsive to this announcement include, but are not limited to, the following: Basic and applied research on the causes of, risk factors for, and mechanisms that account for child abuse and neglect: o Characteristics, course and risk factors for different types of maltreatment, factors that influence the initiation, recurrence, and cessation of episodes of child abuse and neglect, cultural, social, or ethnic differences in causes, patterns, and contexts of child abuse and neglect. o Identification of the individual, interpersonal, familial, community, social and cultural factors that account for perpetration of different forms of child maltreatment, especially those that are relevant to the development of preventive interventions and methods to identify children at risk for abuse and neglect. Identification of groups of children/families at high risk for different types of child maltreatment or for recidivism of maltreatment once identified. o Basic animal studies of care, abuse, and neglect of offspring. Studies of structural and functional neuroanatomical characteristics associated with serious or repetitive abuse of offspring. o Factors that account for the co-occurrence of different types of child abuse and neglect, including environmental, social, psychological, and biological variables. o The relationship between child maltreatment and other types of traumatic and adverse events in childhood and adolescence, such as domestic violence, community violence, chronic disease, traumatic separation and loss within the family. o Studies of the effects of alcohol and other drug abuse on parenting behaviors, monitoring of child behavior and safety, attachment, and child abuse and neglect. Research on the neurobiology of abuse and neglect: o Effects of early physical and sexual trauma and injury as well as physical and emotional neglect on brain development and functioning. o The adaptation of models of adult CNS injury that can be tested for applicability to the developing CNS. The creation of new models which mimic CNS injury and/or neglect to the developing brain utilizing suspected child abuse and/or neglect-stress paradigms. o The identification of different types of CNS injury in children, some of which are not currently appreciated or recognized as due to abuse conditions. The development of more sensitive measures of CNS injury (i.e., physical/psychosocial markers that may be indicative of prior CNS injury in an at-risk child, which failed to prompt the need for acute medical attention at the time of infliction (subtle or subacute injury) but may influence the cognitive and behavioral outcome of the child, such as evidence of prior brain injury in neuroimaging studies. o The development of novel strategies and hypotheses to enhance our understanding of the mechanisms of pathogenesis in various inflicted stress/trauma environments on the developing nervous system (e.g., age-related biomechanical dynamics, age-related CNS vulnerabilities, and age-dependent CNS reactivity (both protective and disruptive mechanisms)). o Strong rationales and investigations for pursuing gene regulation and biochemical cascades both during and subsequent to various inflicted stress/trauma environments (by exploiting growing fundamental knowledge of developmental neurobiology, neurogenetics, and the cellular neurobiology). o Human and animal studies linking the effects of early stress on the functioning and development of brain systems with vulnerability for alcohol and substance abuse (e.g., children of alcoholics). o Innovative basic and applied studies to acquire fundamental knowledge for developing therapeutic regimens, clinical protocols, and/or new methodologies (such as identification of appropriate clinical markers by neuroimaging, neurophysiologic, and neurochemical methods). Developmental, physical, mental health, and substance abuse consequences and course of outcomes of child abuse and neglect: o Physical injuries resulting from child abuse and neglect. o Impact of different types and combinations of types of abuse and neglect on biological, psychological, and social developmental processes from infancy through adulthood, including studies of the physical, cognitive, social, and affective consequences of abuse and neglect. o Differences in impact of types of maltreatment depending on characteristics of the child, such as age, gender, temperament, intelligence, family relationships, or presence of disabilities. Identification of biological, psychological, and socio-environmental mediating and moderating factors that affect child and adolescent responses to maltreatment. o Mental health problems associated with exposure to abuse and neglect, risk factors for the severity of symptoms and disorders. o Alcohol and other drug use and abuse disorders associated with exposure to abuse and neglect, risk factors for the severity of symptoms and disorders, and co-morbidity with other physical, developmental, and mental disorders. o Health effects and costs of early maltreatment on children, adolescents and adults. Research on the relationships among substance abuse and child abuse and neglect: o Epidemiologic, ethnographic and natural history studies to develop an understanding of the etiology, course, and consequences of the link between child abuse, neglect and drug abuse. Studies of gender differences with regard to type of abuse and neglect and short and long term outcomes. o Studies of how the personality of children in alcohol and other drug abusing environments can be developmentally altered by neglect, abuse, capricious parenting, lack of monitoring, and witnessing alcohol and other drug abuse, prostitution, drug sales, violence, loss, HIV, and death. o Studies of how the child internalizes such experiences into a world view in which these factors are accepted as normal and fears are transformed based on their reality into pre-morbid neurologic responses and subsequently into clinical conditions which are indistinguishable from constitutional and genetic makeup. o Studies of how developmental neurologic responses to stress (human and animal models) creates vulnerability to alcohol dependence and drug abuse. o Studies of children of alcoholics (COAs) exploring the relative contribution of abuse and neglect to the development of risk for underage and problem drinking, taking into consideration other risk-enhancing or risk- reducing influences such as disrupted family functioning, exposure to marital discord and violence, modeling of alcoholic drinking, child personality and genetic susceptibility. Research on intervention models to prevent child maltreatment and treat the effects of child maltreatment: o Studies to establish the short- and long-term efficacy of interventions for different types of maltreatment. This could include early home visitation programs, family preservation programs, parenting education programs, and supportive counseling or trauma-focused treatment of abused or neglected children. o Studies of the efficacy of interventions aimed at preventing the sequelae of abuse and maltreatment. o Characteristics of abuse and neglect experiences and child and family characteristics that identify children and families not responding well to different types of interventions for maltreatment. o Pharmacologic approaches to reducing symptoms and improving functioning of symptomatic abused and neglected children and adolescents. o Development and testing of interventions for families in recovery from alcohol and drug abuse (at least one adult family member is in recovery) to increase parents" ability to nurture and protect children and assist children in recovering from past abuse and neglect. o Studies of intervention approaches for families of actively drinking alcoholics and alcohol abusers to reduce and prevent abuse and neglect. o Development and testing of interventions (including screenings and brief interventions) for adult children of alcoholics to prevent child abuse and neglect. Research on the effects of services administered to maltreated children and their families by service agencies: o Consequences of various dispositions of child maltreatment cases (e.g., out-of-home placement, kinship care, return to abusive family, or crisis management). o Assessment of the quality of service delivery and cost effectiveness of interventions in standard or usual practice settings serving children who have been abused or neglected, and development of treatment algorithms/strategies to enhance therapeutic engagement with families and children who have been abused or neglected and to improve clinical care. o Development of treatment models for combined treatments for abusive families with substance abuse and mental health problems. o Financing issues relevant to delivery of services to abused and neglected children and their families, such as effects of managed care and of cost shifting under welfare reform on services to abused or neglected children. Assessment and research methodology applied to abused and neglected populations: o Assessment instruments to identify risk status of victims and perpetrators of child maltreatment. o Assessment instruments that more accurately or reliably identify behavioral, neurological, psychological, and psychosocial consequences of various forms of maltreatment, especially instruments that would be useful to assess the efficacy of preventive and treatment interventions. o Basic biomedical research on indicators of maltreatment, such as biomechanics of inflicted injuries, specificity of inflicted versus accidental injuries, characteristics, validity, and reliability of forensic medical exams for sexual abuse. INCLUSION OF WOMEN AND MINORITIES IN RESEARCH INVOLVING HUMAN SUBJECTS It is the policy of the NIH that women and members of minority groups and their subpopulations must be included in all NIH supported biomedical and behavioral research projects involving human subjects, unless a clear and compelling rationale and justification is provided that inclusion is inappropriate with respect to the health of the subjects or the purpose of the research. This policy results from the NIH Revitalization Act of 1993 (Section 492B of Public Law 103-43). All investigators proposing research involving human subjects should read the "NIH Guidelines For Inclusion of Women and Minorities as Subjects in Clinical Research," which have been published in the Federal Register of March 28, 1994 (FR 59 14508-14513) and in the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts, Vol. 23, No. 11, March 18, 1994 available on the web at the following URL address: http://www.nih.gov/grants/guide/1994/94.03.18/notice-nih-guideline008.html INCLUSION OF CHILDREN AS PARTICIPANTS IN RESEARCH INVOLVING HUMAN SUBJECTS It is the policy of NIH that children (i.e., individuals under the age of 21) must be included in all human subjects research, conducted or supported by the NIH, unless there are scientific and ethical reasons not to include them. This policy applies to all initial (Type 1) applications submitted for receipt dates after October 1, 1998. All investigators proposing research involving human subjects should read the "NIH Policy and Guidelines on the Inclusion of Children as Participants in Research Involving Human Subjects" that was published in the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts, March 6, 1998, and is available at the following URL address: http://www.nih.gov/grants/guide/notice-files/not98-024.html Investigators also may obtain copies of these policies from the program staff listed under INQUIRIES. Program staff may also provide additional relevant information concerning the policy. APPLICATION GUIDELINES The prospective candidate for a Career Development Award for Child Abuse and Neglect Research should propose a period of study and career development consistent with her/his previous research and/or clinical experience. For example, a candidate with limited experience in research may find a phased developmental program lasting for five years that includes a designated period of didactic training together with a closely supervised research experience to be the most efficient means of developing an independent line of child abuse and neglect research. A candidate with considerable previous research experience may require a program involving collaborative research with experienced child abuse and neglect researchers. All programs should be carefully tailored to meet the individual needs of the candidate and must include appropriate training or research experience on child abuse and neglect issues. Consultation with NIH staff in the relevant sponsoring institutes on the appropriate career development mechanism is strongly recommended. Due to the complexities of child abuse and neglect research, the current state of the field in this area, and the relatively few qualified mentors in child abuse and neglect research and related areas, candidates may propose a study and career development plan that allows for training, collaboration, and extensive communication with experienced scientists who can serve as additional mentors or collaborators. All applications must include documentation supportive of the availability of a substantial level of either mentoring or collaboration with experienced child abuse and neglect researchers. While the focus of the development program is on child abuse and neglect in human populations, the award may include complementary appropriate laboratory and animal research related to the child abuse and neglect research proposed in the application. APPLICATION PROCEDURES The five NIH institutes participating in this PA may vary in the specific Career Development Award mechanisms supported and the terms and conditions of such awards, therefore, all candidates are strongly encouraged to contact the staff person in the relevant institute listed under INQUIRIES. Such contact should occur early in the planning phase of application preparation. Such contact will help ensure that applications are responsive to the goals and policies of the individual Institute. Applications are to be submitted on the research grant application form PHS 398 (rev. 4/98), using the instructions in Section IV as appropriate. The applications will be accepted on or before October 1, February 1, and June 1 each year. Forms are available at most institutional offices of sponsored research and from the Division of Extramural Outreach and Information Resources, National Institutes of Health, 6705 Rockledge Drive, MSC 7910, Bethesda, MD 20892-7910, telephone (301) 710-0267, FAX: (301) 480-0525, Email: GrantsInfo@nih.gov. Forms are also available on the NIH Website at http://www.nih.gov/grants/funding/phs398/phs398.html To identify the application as a response to this Program Announcement, check "YES" on item 2a of page 1 of the application and enter "PA-99-133, CAREER DEVELOPMENT AWARDS FOR CHILD ABUSE AND NEGLECT RESEARCH." The application must address the specific requirements of the relevant Career Award program announcement that is being applied for. These announcements may be obtained electronically through the NIH Extramural Career Development Webpage: http://www.nih.gov/training/careerdevelopmentawards.htm. Information on requirements for specific mechanisms for participating NIH institutes should be obtained from NIH staff listed under INQUIRIES. For amended and competing continuation applications, applicants must complete the block in the upper right corner of the face page to indicate the previous grant number. Submit a signed, typewritten original of the application with five signed photocopies, in one package to: CENTER FOR SCIENTIFIC REVIEW NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH 6701 ROCKLEDGE DRIVE, ROOM 1040 MSC 7710 BETHESDA, MD 20892-7710 BETHESDA, MD 20817-7710 (for express/courier service) REVIEW CONSIDERATIONS Applications will assigned on the basis of established PHS referral guidelines. Applications will be evaluated for scientific and technical merit by a peer review group in accordance with the standard NIH peer review procedures. As part of the initial merit review, all applications will receive a written critique and undergo a process in which only those applications deemed to have the highest scientific merit, generally the top half of applications under review, will be discussed, assigned a priority score, and receive a second level review by the appropriate national advisory council or board. Review Criteria The application must address the specific review criteria of the relevant Career Award program announcement that is being applied for. These announcements may be obtained electronically through the NIH Extramural Career Development Webpage: http://www.nih.gov/training/careerdevelopmentawards.htm. AWARD CRITERIA The Institute will notify the applicant of the Advisory Board or Council"s action shortly after its meeting. Funding decisions will be made based on the recommendations of the initial review group and Advisory Council/Board, the need for research personnel in specific program areas, and the availability of funds. The NIH policy on submission of revised (amended) applications limits the number of amended applications to two. INQUIRIES Written, electronic mail, and telephone inquiries concerning this program announcement are strongly encouraged, especially during the planning phase of the application. Below is a listing of each Institute"s program contacts. Inquiries regarding programmatic issues may be directed to: Malcolm Gordon, Ph.D. (mental health services and interventions) Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services Research Program National Institute of Mental Health 6001 Executive Boulevard, Room 7146, MSC 9631 Bethesda, MD 20892-9631 Telephone: (301) 443-4709 Email: mgordon@nih.gov Cheryl A. Boyce, Ph.D. (assessment, risk factors, course, and intervention development) Developmental Psychopathology Research Branch National Institute of Mental Health 6001 Executive Boulevard, Room 6200, MSC 9617 Bethesda, MD 20892-9617 Telephone: (301) 443-0848 Email: cboyce@nih.gov Joseph S. Drage, M.D. Training and Special Programs Officer National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke 6001 Executive Boulevard, Suite 3309 MSC 9531 Bethesda, MD 20892-9531 Telephone: (301) 496-4188 Fax: (301) 402-4320 Email: jd66x@nih.gov G. Reid Lyon, Ph.D. Center for Research for Mothers and Children National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Building 6100, Room 4B05, MSC 7510 Bethesda, MD 20892-7510 Telephone: (301) 496-9849 Fax: (301) 480-7773 Email: lyonr@mail.nih.gov Coryl Jones, Ph.D. Division of Epidemiology and Prevention Research National Institute on Drug Abuse 6001 Executive Boulevard, Room 5169, MSC 9589 Bethesda, MD 20892-9589 Telephone: (301) 443-6637 Email: cj39g@nih.gov Susan Martin, Ph.D. Prevention Research Branch National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism 6000 Executive Boulevard, Suite 505 Rockville, MD 20892-7003 Telephone: (301) 443-8767 Fax: (301) 443-8774 Email: smartin@willco.niaaa.nih.gov Direct inquiries regarding fiscal matters to: Diana Trunnell Grants Management Branch National Institute of Mental Health 6001 Executive Boulevard, Room 6115, MSC 9605 Bethesda, MD 20892-9605 Telephone: (301) 443-3065 Email: dt21a@nih.gov Karen D. Shields Grants Management Branch National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke 6001 Executive Boulevard, Room 3264, MSC 9537 Bethesda, MD 20892-9537 Telephone: (301) 496-9231 Fax: (301) 402-0219 Email: ks26n@nih.gov Edgar D. Shawver Grants Management Branch National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Building 6100, Room 8A01, MSC 7510 Bethesda, MD 20892-7510 Telephone: (301) 496-1303 Fax: (301) 402-0915 Email: ds117g@nih.gov Gary Fleming, J.D., M.A. Grants Management Branch National Institute on Drug Abuse 6001 Executive Boulevard, Room 3131, MSC 9541 Bethesda, MD 20892-9541 Telephone: (301) 443-6710 Email: gf6s@nih.gov Linda Hilley Grants Management Branch National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism 6000 Executive Boulevard Rockville, MD 20892 Telephone: (301) 443-4794 Fax: (301) 443-3891 Email: lhilley@willco.niaaa.nih.gov AUTHORITY AND REGULATIONS This program is described in the Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance Nos. 93.281 (NIMH), 93.853 (NINDS), 93.865 (NICHD), 93.277 (NIDA), and 93.273 (NIAAA). Awards are made under the authority of the Public Health Service Act, Title IV, Part A (Public Law 78-410, as amended by Public Law 99-158, 42 USC 241 and 285) and administered under PHS grants policies and Federal Regulations 41 CFR 52 and 45 CFR Part 74. This program is not subject to the intergovernmental review requirements of Executive Order 12372 or Health Systems Agency review. Awards will be administered under PHS grants policy as stated in the NIH Grants Policy Statement (October 1, 1998). The PHS strongly encourages all grant and contract recipients to provide a smoke-free workplace and promote the non-use of all tobacco products. In addition, Public Law 103-227, the Pro-Children Act of 1994, prohibits smoking in certain facilities (or in some cases, any portion of a facility) in which regular or routine education, library, day care, health care or early childhood development services are provided to children. This is consistent with the PHS mission to protect and advance the physical and mental health of the American people.
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